Human civilization is based on the successful pursuit of long-term goals, requiring the ability to forego immediate pleasure for the sake of larger future rewards. This ability improves with age, but the precise cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying its development remain elusive. The developmental changes could result either from younger children valuing immediate rewards more strongly or...

[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness on the educational procedure development for physical therapist assistant in Quang Tri province of Vietnam. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects consisted of 10 lecturers for the education of physical therapist assistant in Quang Tri medical college. To compare with satisfaction and educational effectiveness accordin...

A lengthy literature in economics and psychology indicates that prolonged exposure to a tempting stimulus can lead people “succumb” temptation. Here we develop model of decision under temptation, test its predictions using natural experiment. We take advantage exogenous variations the amount time over 2800 individual consumers spent exposed items while waiting grocery store checkout lines. Beca...

This paper studies optimal nonlinear pricing for a monopolist when consumers’ preferences exhibit temptation and self-control as in Gul and Pesendorfer (2001a). Consumers are subject to temptation inside the store but exercise self-control, and those foreseeing large self-control costs do not enter the store. Consumers differ in their preferences under temptation. When all consumers are tempted...

This paper models menu choice problems in which the decision maker (DM) faces temptation at the ex ante stage of choice and responds to this temptation by making a compromise. We introduce a new class of utilities, called the category model, which captures this phenomenon and provide axiomatic foundations for this model. Our theory provides an approach to modeling temptation that is distinct fr...