Each of two calcitic stalagmites from Grotte de Clamouse, Herault, southern France, displays a discrete aragonite layer dated at around 1100 yr BP. The layer of fanning aragonite ray crystals is immediately preceded by calcite with Mg and Sr compositions that are uniquely high for the past 3 kyr. Trace element compositions close to the boundary between original aragonite and calcite are consist...

The results of the updated and quality-checked data base of field observations on chlorophyll a (Chl a) collected in the period 1970–2007 in the Northern Adriatic Sea are presented. From the last decade, SeaWiFS satellite information was also considered. Results demonstrate a global tendency towards Chl a reduction in the period of investigation, which is more marked in the eutrophic area under...

For the first time Willem Floor in his interesting and worthy reading work, Public health in Qajar Iran, has correctly considered the general concept of medicine» in Iran derived from three sources: Galenic medicine, religious medicine and traditional medicine. According to Floor, (which later studies also confirm it), the Islamic period medical knowledge in Iran,&nbsp...

Analysts have been able to say surprisingly little about the sources of the very volatile yields of long-term U.S. bonds in recent decades. We used surveys of economists’ forecasts to decompose long-term bond yields into expectations of future inflation, expected real short-term interest rates, and the expected bond risk premium. Variation in the bond risk premium accounts for most of the varia...

Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus is the leading experimental model for the synaptic changes that may underlie learning and memory. This review presents a current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this long-lasting increase in synaptic strength and describes a simple model that unifies much of the data that previously were viewed as contradictory.