Two-component systems (TCS) are protein machineries that enable cells to respond to input signals. Histidine kinases (HK) are the sensory component, transferring information toward downstream response regulators (RR). HKs transfer phosphoryl groups to their specific RRs, but also dephosphorylate them, overall ensuring proper signaling. The mechanisms by which HKs discriminate between such dispa...

The absolute total cross-section (TCS) for electron scattering from isoxasole, (CH)3NO, molecule has been measured using the linear transmission technique for impact energies ranging from 1 to 400 eV. The measured TCS energy dependence appears typical for highly polar targets; over whole energy range applied, the magnitude of TCS generally decreases as the energy increases. Some narrow features...

Tetracyclines were discovered in the 1940s and exhibited activity against a wide range of microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, and protozoan parasites. They are inexpensive antibiotics, which have been used extensively in the prophlylaxis and therapy of human and animal infections and also at subtherapeutic levels in animal fee...

Absolute total cross section (TCS) for electron–trimethylborane-d9 (B(CD3)3, TMB-d9) collisions has been measured at energies ranging from 0.4 to 370 eV using the linear electron-transmission technique. The most visible feature of the TCS energy function is a pronounced broad enhancement peaked between 5 and 10 eV. Some weak structures are also perceptible in the TCS curve. At intermediate ener...

Absolute grand total cross sections (TCSs) for electron–disilane (Si2H6) scattering have been measured over the energy range from 1 to 370 eV in a linear transmission experiment. The low-energy TCS is dominated by a broad resonant-like enhancement. In the region of the maximum the present grand TCS values appeared to be distinctly lower than previously reported integral elastic cross section da...

Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum bactericide that is used for a variety of antimicrobial functions. TCS is frequently detected in the terrestrial environment due to application of sewage sludge to agricultural land. In the present study, 48-h paper contact and 28-day spiked soil tests were conducted to examine the toxic effects of TCS on the antioxidative and genetic indices of earthworms (E...

Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, whose well-known antibacterial mechanism is inhibiting lipid synthesis. Autophagy, an innate immune response, is an intracellular process that delivers the cargo including pathogens to lysosomes for degradation. In this study, we first demonstrated that TCS induced autophagy in a dose-dependent manner in non-phagocytic cells (HeLa) and in...

Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, is widely used in clinical settings and various personal care products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of TCS on reproductive endocrine and function. Here, we show that the exposure of adult female mice to 10 or 100 mg/kg/day TCS caused prolongation of diestrus, and decreases in antral follicles and corpora lutea within...

The occurrence and distribution of five groups of antibiotics were investigated in the surface sediments of the Yangtze Estuary over four seasons. Four tetracyclines (TCs), sulfaquinoxaline (SQ), enrofloxacin (EFC) and thiamphenicol (TAP) were detected in all the samples, while sulfamerazine (SM) and sulfathiazole (ST) showed the lowest detection frequency. The detection frequencies and antibio...

We report absolute grand total cross sections (TCSs) for electron scattering from 1-butene (H2C=CHCH2CH3) and 2-methylpropene (H2C=C(CH3)2) molecules, measured at electron impact energies ranging from 1 to 400 eV and from 1 to 350 eV, respectively, using a linear electron-transmission technique. The general shape of cross sections for both butene isomers looks similar. Two structures in each TC...