T helper (Th)17 cells regulate host defense and exacerbate autoimmune diseases, yet their role in tumor immunity remains controversial with reports that Th17 cells could either promote or suppress tumor growth, depending on the type of malignancy or means of therapeutic intervention. This review discusses how inflammatory signals (such as cytokines and co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules) in...

BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex, multi-system, life-shortening, autosomal recessive disease most common among Caucasians. Pulmonary pathology, the major cause of morbidity and mortality in CF, is characterized by dysregulation of cytokines and a vicious cycle of infection and inflammation. This cycle causes a progressive decline in lung function, eventually resulting in respiratory...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Th17/Treg cell imbalance on HIV replication in patients with AIDS complicated with tuberculosis (TB). We selected 32 patients with AIDS combined with TB infection in our hospital and 30 healthy individual as controls. The Th17/Treg ratio in peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. Compared with healthy subjects, Th17 c...

In adaptive immunity, Th17 lymphocytes produce the IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines that stimulate mucosal antimicrobial defenses and tissue repair. In this study, we observed that the TLR5 agonist flagellin induced swift and transient transcription of genes encoding IL-17 and IL-22 in lymphoid, gut, and lung tissues. This innate response also temporarily enhanced the expression of genes associated wi...

T helper type 17 (Th17) lymphocytes, characterized by the production of interleukin-17 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, are present in intestinal lamina propria and have been described as important players driving intestinal inflammation. Recent evidence, supporting the notion of a functional and phenotypic instability of Th17 cells, has shown that Th17 differentiate into type 1 regulatory...

Mice with targeted deletion of STAT3 in CD4(+) T-cells do not develop experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), in part, because they cannot generate pathogenic Th17 cells. In this study, we have used ORLL-NIH001, a small synthetic compound that inhibits transcriptional activity of STAT3, to ameliorate EAU, an animal model of human posterior uveit...

The study of pathogenic systems involved in multiple sclerosis (MS) is essential for the development new therapies. Objective : to determine contribution B-lymphocytes production IL-17 MS with an assessment ability B-cells induce differentiation Th17 and own by this pathology. Material methods . A total 81 subjects were examined, 68 whom patients diagnosed MS, 13 healthy individuals. concentrat...

PURPOSE Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) and STAT3 oppose one another in regulation of the reciprocal development of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17). A reduction in STAT3 is associated with up-regulation of Treg, and STAT5 activation promotes Treg differentiation or function while constraining Th17 generation. The effects of IFNalpha on...

Although Th17 cells play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, their prevalence among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and function in human tumor immunity remains largely unknown. We have recently demonstrated high percentages of Th17 cells in TILs from ovarian cancer patients, but the mechanisms of accumulation of these Th17 cells in the tumor m...

Despite the lack of direct evidence that immune surveillance cells protect against tumor development, indirect clinical observations and experimental studies indicate activity in the immune response against cancer cells of various origin. Little is known about the effects of the stromal tumor mast cell (MC) in the activity of immune cells, i.e. CD4+CD25+Foxp³+ regulatory T cells, Th17 lymphocyt...