This chapter reviews the recent debate about the role of social capital in economics. We argue that all the difficulties this concept has encountered in economics are due to a vague and excessively broad definition. For this reason, we restrict social capital to the set of values and beliefs that help cooperation—which for clarity we label civic capital. We argue that this definition differenti...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thequasi-state ownership of the stock exchange in the ratio of short-termand long-term yhay circle is one of the string str in this study usingdata from 51 companies accepted has been used in the tehran stockexchange. methods of statistical analysis in this study, the correlationof the q rgr million via software using the excel, spss18,...

in the almost new literature of social capital, the concept has mainly been considered domestic, while we can find social capital beyond state borders. in this article social capital has been connected to international relations through micro and macro aspects. the effect of information technology on social capital is then mentioned on both domestic and transnational scales. information technol...

the main goal of this paper is to estimate the level and distribution of human capital (hc) in tehran province, iran. in doing this we have first reviewed theoretical and empirical literature of human capital. and then we used do gum method for estimation of level and distribution of households’ human capital in tehran. the do gum method is based on three old methods of estimation. we used late...

I provide a typology of social capital, breaking it down into seven more fundamental forms of capital: information capital, brokerage capital, coordination and leadership capital, bridging capital, favor capital, reputation capital, and community capital. I discuss how most of these forms of social capital can be identified using different network-based measures. JEL Classification Codes: D85, ...

abstracta number of economists argue that the capital expenditure has a positive impact and the current expenditure has negative impact on output while others believe that the government expenditure, regardless of being current or capital spending, has a negative impact on the economy. in this direction, this paper tries to investigate the impact of current and capital government expenditure on...

undoubtedly, the capability and core competencies of employees help to achieve organization goals. consequently, organizations increase organizational learning capability with the help of intellectual capital, thereby providing improvement of productivity. the current study aims to explain the impact of intellectual capital on labor productivity, considering the mediation of organizational lear...

background: although most studies on female-headed families focus on women's access to social support, the associations between social capital and quality of life in these families are unclear in many societies (such as iran). this study aimed to determine the associations between social capital and quality of life in iranian female headed families.   methods : this cross-sectional study was pe...

We examine the relation between venture capital (VC) investments and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity around the world. We find evidence of a strong positive association between VC investments and lagged M&A activity, consistent with the hypothesis that an active M&A market provides viable exit opportunities for VC companies and therefore incentivizes them to engage in more deals. We als...

the authors examine the effects of government expenditure on economic growth in iran, using annual data for the period of 1973-2003. in this paper, they lookat the offects of human, physical capital, and government budget on gdp. in the model developed in this paper, accumulation of human capital is dependent on physical. human capital, and government budget as well. the result indicate that go...