This article presents a theory of selective attention that is intended to account for the identification of a visual shape in a cluttered display. The selected area of attention is assumed to be controlled by a filter that operates on the location information in a display. The location information selected by the filter in turn determines the feature information that is to be identified. Change...

We prove that under some global conditions on the maximum and the minimum eigenvalue of the matrix of the coefficients, the gradient of the (weak) solution of some degenerate elliptic equations has higher integrability than expected. Technically we adapt the Giaquinta-Modica regularity method in some degenerate cases. When the dimension is two, a consequence of our result is a new Hölder contin...

This paper is intended to highlight the capabilities of synergistic usage of remote sensing, landscape metrics and gradient analysis. We aim to improve the understanding of spatial characteristics and effects of urbanization on city level. Multisensoral and multitemporal remotely sensed data sets from the Landsat and TerraSAR-X sensor enable monitoring a long time period with area-wide informat...

This work presents a new approach for selecting the coarse grids allowing a faster algebraic multigrid (AMG) preconditioned conjugate gradient solver. This approach is based on an appropriate choice of the parameter a considering the matrix density during the coarsening process which implies in a significant reduction in the matrix dimension at all AMG levels. 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights rese...

We studied the spatial pattern of seed predation across a forest-old field edge in both fall and winter to assess the potential for seed predators to influence plant spatial patterns. We used a 100 x 100 m grid that began 30 m inside the forest and extended 60 m into the old field. Inside this grid we placed seed stations at regular 10 m intervals and monitored seed removal. Seed predation vari...

As a step toward understanding the analytic behavior of TypeIII Ricci flow singularities, i.e. immortal solutions that exhibit |Rm | ≤ C/t curvature decay, we examine the linearization of an equivalent flow at certain fixed points discovered recently by Baird–Danielo and Lott: non-gradient homogeneous Ricci solitons on nilpotent Lie groups. We show that the linearized operators at these fixed p...

Many practical optimization problems are nonsmooth, and derivative-type methods cannot be applied. To overcome this difficulty, there are different approaches to replace the derivative of a function f : Rn → R: interval slopes, semigradients, generalized gradients, and slant derivatives are some examples. In this paper we study the relationships among these approaches for nonsmooth Lipschitz op...

The future accelerators with 1 GeV/m gradient will give rise to hundreds of degrees instantaneous temperature rise on the copper surface. Due to its extraordinary thermal and electric properties, diamond coating on the surface is suggested to remedy this problem. Multi-layer structure, with the promise of even more temperature reduction, is also discussed, and a proof of principle experiment is...

BACKGROUND Research into the causes of the mid-20-century baby boom has concluded that the main proximate cause of the fertility increase during the 1940s was earlier and more universal marriage in the cohorts born after 1910, and that this association between nuptiality trends and fertility was particularly strong in Sweden. OBJECTIVE However, we do not know whether this was a general trend or...

Fabrication, characterization and application of micro-/nano-rods/wires are among the hottest topics in materials science and applied physics. Micro-/nano-rod-based structures and devices are developed for a wide-ranging use in various fields of micro-/nanoscience (e.g. biology, electronics, medicine, optics, optoelectronics, photonics and sensors). It is well known that the structure and prope...