Abstract Hailstone growth results in a variety of hailstone shapes. These shapes hold implications for modeling hail processes, fall behaviors including speeds, and remote sensing signatures hail. This study is an in-depth analysis natural shapes, using large dataset hailstones collected the field over 6-yr period. data come from manual measurements with digital calipers three-dimensional infra...

in fact the most suitable method for finding the load bearing capacity of a member under the axial load or axial load and bending is make use of the interaction diagrams. to analysis and design the hollow circular, square and rectangular high strength concrete (hsc) column shapes, a linear strain variation was assumed in the cross-section height of the members and then the static equilibrium eq...

Stellar atmospheres separate the hot and dense stellar interiors from emptiness of space. Radiation escapes outermost layers a star, carrying direct physical information. Underneath atmosphere, very high opacity keeps radiation thermalized resembling black body with local temperature. In atmosphere drops, radiative energy leaks out, which is redistributed in wavelength according to processes by...