Olfactory bulbectomy (OB), a preclinical model of depression, has most often been performed and validated in rats, but not as comprehensively in other rodent species. This study demonstrated that bulbectomy induced a hyperactive response in the open field test in three rodent species, namely the rat, mouse and hamster. OB, in all species, produced an increase in the distance travelled in the pe...

BACKGROUND Patient choice and access to health care is compromised by many barriers including travel distance. Individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can seek free specialist care in Britain, without a referral, providing flexible access to care services. Willingness to travel beyond local services for preferred care has funding and service implications. Data from an enhanced H...

In many studies travel behaviour (for example, commuting) is analysed on the basis of a utility function with the distance travelled (d) as one of the arguments. An example is U=U(d,Y-cd,T-td), This standard approach is not without problems, however, since it ignores the fundamental fact that most transport has a derived character: travelling kilometres is not an activity that gives utility per...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to estimate the bias and design effects associated with the Expanded Program on Immunization's (EPI) sampling design when estimating xerophthalmia prevalence, and to estimate the savings associated with EPI in terms of distance travelled within selected clusters. METHODS Computer simulation of the EPI sampling strategy was done using maps from a xeroph...

We report on a case of a patient who underwent minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (mi-TLIF) with objective physical activity measurements performed preoperatively and postoperatively at up to 12-months using wireless accelerometer technology. In the first postoperative month following surgery, the patient had reduced mobility, taking 2,397 steps over a distance of 1.8 km ...

Theta frequency oscillations in the 6- to 10-Hz range dominate the rodent hippocampal local field potential during translational movement, suggesting that theta encodes self-motion. Increases in theta power have also been identified in the human hippocampus during both real and virtual movement but appear as transient bursts in distinct high- and low-frequency bands, and it is not yet clear how...

The role of contacts on travel behavior has been getting increasing attention. This paper reports on data collected on individual’s social meetings and the choice of in-home/out-ofhome meeting locations as well as the distance travelled and duration of out-home-meetings and its relationship to the type of contact met and other attributes of the meeting. Empirically we show that in-home meetings...