The first cationic main group tetrahydroborate complexes are reported. [Ca(BH(4))(THF)(5)][BPh(4)] and the charge neutral (Tp((t)Bu,Me))Ca(BH(4))(THF) are initiators for the living ring opening polymerization of rac-lactide, the latter producing PLA with high levels of heterotactic enrichment. These represent a new class of ROP initiators for main group metals.

BACKGROUND Adherence and persistence to antidiabetes medications are important to control blood glucose levels among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to compare adherence and persistence over a 12-month period between patients initiating saxagliptin and patients initiating linagliptin, two dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. METHODS ...

A series of water-soluble macro-initiators is synthesized to avoid radical loss in microfluidic on-chip photo cross-linking of hyaluronic acid methacrylate-containing water-in-oil emulsions. Their superior performance over known photo-initiators through the generation of water-soluble radicals and excellent biocompatibility are demonstrated.

BACKGROUND Hepatic injury has been reported following duloxetine use. This study further examines the hepatic safety of duloxetine in a large US health insurance database. METHODS In this propensity score-matched cohort analysis in a US commercially insured population (01 August 2004 to 31 December 2010), we compared individuals with depression and without liver disease who initiated duloxeti...

OBJECTIVES To estimate prevalence of renal impairment, rate of decline in kidney function and changes in metformin use after decline in kidney function, in metformin initiators. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted this 2-country cohort study using routine data from northern Denmark and the UK during 2000-2011. We included metformin initiators among patients aged ≥30 years with medic...