This article is a comprehensive survey of thinning methodologies. It discusses the wide range of thinning algorithms, including iterative deletion of pixels and nonpixel-based methods, whereas skeletonization algorithms based on medial axis and other distance transforms will be the subject matter of a subsequent study. This self-contained paper begins with an overview of the iterative thinning ...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, along with soil properties, are greatly affected by forest management. In this study, three thinning treatments: control (conventional management mode), moderate thinning intensity and heavy thinning intensity, were applied in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations in eastern China. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil light fraction organic c...

It remains unclear if changes of the cerebral cortex occur gradually from childhood to adulthood, or if adolescence marks a differential period of cortical development. In the current study of 90 healthy volunteers aged 5-32years (48 females, 85 right handed) with 180 scans (2 scans for each participant with ~4year gaps), thinning of overall mean thickness and across the four major cortical lob...

Four thinning treatments were applied to a red oak-sweetgum (Quercus spp.-Liquidambar styraciha L.) stand on a minor streambottom site in west-central Alabama in 1994: (1) unthinned control; (2) light thinning to 70-75 percent residual stocking; (3) heavy thinning to 50-55 percent residual stocking; and (4) B-line thinning to desirable residual stocking for bottomland hardwoods, as recommended ...

in order to study the effects of foliar application of naa and plant thinning on growth, yield and fruit quality of melon genotype khatooni, the experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at research field of faculty of agriculture, university of zanjan. treatments consisted of foliar application of naa at three levels (25, 50 and 100 mg.l-1 at 4-6 tr...

Thinning array antennas have become one of the best approaches towards minimizing side lobes and achieving required FNBW SLL. Unlike all element arrays, thinning systematically removes some fraction elements activates remaining to obtain intended pattern without degrading performance antenna array. An evolutionary algorithm is gaining growth in providing better optimization solutions than other...

The forests of North Mongolia are largely dominated either by larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) or birch (Betula platyphylla Sukaczev). The increasing demand for timber and firewood is currently met by removal of wood from these forest stands. Therefore, silvicultural approaches that account for both utilization and protection are needed. Thinning trials were established in the research area Altans...

Thinning is a very important preprocessing step for the analysis and recognition of different types of images. Thinning is the process of minimizing the width of a line, in an image, from many pixels wide to just one pixel (Lam et al., 1992) [3]. Thus Correct and Reliable thinning of character patterns are essential to a variety of applications in the field of document analysis and recognition ...

The effects of thinning on insects and diseases have not been thoroughly examined in southern bottomland hardwood forests. To address this issue, a study was initiated at sites in Mississippi and Alabama. These study sites allowed us to make observations concerning insect and disease activity 1-5 years following thinning. On all sites there was an unthinned control and 1 or more thinned areas. ...

Effective time of thinning is essential for determining a silvicultural operation schedule. One of the most commonly used methods is the percentage of radial increase to assess the effect of thinning. However, it is difficult to determine the ideal time point due to variation in tree growth rates. Event history analysis was used to quantify the optimal timings for different row thinning types f...