This paper examined and discussed the sundry controv the nature, sources and interpretations of Islamic law. The study was engendered by the fact that differences in views and attitudes to these variables have contributed in no mean way to political and religious unrests in many parts of t Middle East where Islam has much stronghold. This paper considered it expedient to engage in the study so ...

This article compares the characteristics of three movements of religious renewal that were born in the second half of the twentieth century and that have been active in interreligious dialogue: the Buddhist movement Risshō Kōseikai, which originated in Japan; the Catholic Focolare Movement, which started in Italy; and the Gülen Movement, which was born in Turkey. These religious renewal phenom...

I examine why a majority of Israel’s legislators voted for direct election of the prime minister, reforming the electoral system that vested them with power. The analysis incorporates coalitional politics, strategic voting, and voter preferences over non-policy issues such as candidate charisma. The model generates novel hypotheses that are tested against empirical evidence. It explains five em...

â  â  â  â â â  abstract â  hafiz ibrahim is one of the famous egyptian poets who were influenced by sami al-baroodi and ismail saberi in his poetry and in his religious poems by sheikh mohamad abdu's thoughts. these effects are displayed in the fields of veil, charity, consultation, religious reform, jihad, religious leniency and petition . according to hafiz, the problem of society is pe...

Religious economies theory, which views religious organizations as akin to single-unit firms competing for adherents in local markets, has three shortcomings that we solve by reconceptualizing religious organizations and developing a new theory of religious mobilization. First, we treat religious organizations as multi-unit entities operating in interdependent markets in a national field. Secon...

the ministry of health and medical education of iran, along with the country movement towards achievements of iran's vision 2025 put compilation of the health system reform plan on its agenda. in this article, we are trying to show the method we used for developing this plan and how this method considered the general condition of the country along with maintaining the standards of scientific an...

despite the serious confrontation of iranian seminaries and religious communities against a flood of western modernistic ideas and institutions, the modernistic tendencies increased in qom seminary, during the leadership of ayatollah boroujerdi. modernists often sought reforms in organization, educational programs and propagation system of seminaries and offered various reform projects to ayato...