BACKGROUND Evidence for an association between exposure during pregnancy to trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water and impaired fetal growth is still inconsistent and inconclusive, in particular, for various exposure routes. We examined the relationship of individual exposures to THMs in drinking water on low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and birth weight (BW) in single...

Improvements in the yield and solubility of chestnut wood extractives, by using different extraction methods molybdenum catalysts as support, have rarely been reported literature. Many studies focus on parts trees, except for chemical characteristics remaining extractives achieved from thermally modified (THM) (Castanea sativa Mill) wood. This research seeks to better understand effects techniq...

Bundy. Silver and Plummet (1985) provide an analysis of the Focussing algori thm and the Classification algorithm in the case where the description space consists of a set of relation trees. This paper discusses an extension to their analysis in which the description space is construed as a geometric space. Under this construal the behaviour of both the Focussing algori thm and the Classificati...

BACKGROUND Directive 2004/24/EC, which came into force in 2011, created new regulatory requirements for traditional herbal medicines (THM). This study compared the Spanish THM registry before and after the Directive came fully into force in 2011. METHODS We consulted the herbal medicinal plant and drug catalogues (General Council of the Official Colleges of Pharmacists), the website of the Eu...

Crystal growth by the travelling heater method (THM) is reported using a source material preparation process that is different from all methods used before. Non-stoichiometric (Hg,Cd)Te melts were homogenized and quenched to prevent macroscopic segregation effects. Inclusions of excess Te were removed during a first THM pass, resulting in stoichiometric solid alloys with a shift of the mole fra...

During rain storm events, land surface runoff and resuspension of bottom sediments cause an increase in Trihalomethane (THM) precursors in rivers. These precursors, when chlorinated at water treatment facilities will lead to the formation of THMs and hence impact drinking water resources. In order to evaluate the wet weather impact on the potential formation of THMs, river samples were collecte...

Triple-helical microchannel (THM) constitutes a unique configuration for implementing parallel flows with enhanced interfacial mass transfer through torsion-induced advection in the bulk phases. Key operational aspects include identifying stable regimes of flow respect to phase rates and characterizing intensification achieved secondary flow. The current work investigates two-phase flow, typica...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have used various measures to characterize trihalomethane (THM) exposures, but the relationship of these indicators to exposure biomarkers remains unclear. OBJECTIVES We examined temporal and spatial variability in baseline blood THM concentrations and assessed the relationship between these concentrations and several exposure indicators (tap water concentra...

A fast gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method with minimum sample preparation is described for early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The automated procedure is based on the injection of sputum samples which are then methylated inside the GC injector using thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM). The THM-GC-MS procedure was optimized for the injection of sputum samples. ...

BACKGROUND Trihalomethanes (THMs) occurring in public drinking water sources have been investigated in several epidemiological studies of fetal death and results support a modest association. Other classes of disinfection by-products found in drinking water have not been investigated. AIMS To investigate the effects of haloacetic acid (HAA) compounds in drinking water on stillbirth risk. ME...