The science of geography, also literally called in Arabic "faces and slices of earth", involves a kind of land survey which emerged into Islam. There were several factors contributing to geography such as command of Islam to learning, Quran geographical themes, pilgrimage routes and wide-range Muslim conquests. This article attempted to examine two major schools of geography in the Isl...

Historical records show that culture can increase exponentially in time, e.g., in number of poems, musical works, scientific discoveries. We model how human capacities for creativity and cultural transmission may make such an increase possible, suggesting that: (1) creativity played a major role at the origin of human culture and for its accumulation throughout history, because cultural transmi...

In recent decades, the phenomenon of grief, when you lose a loved one, has been subject exploration and discussion among researchers. Because this, prolonged grief is now recognized as possible mental disorder latest version diagnosis manual; ‘International Classification Diseases’ (ICD-11) being published in 2018 featuring new called ‘prolonged disorder’. The commencement this indicates shift ...

In this work we offer a historical overview of the pandemics which have troubled humanity over course centuries and their economic impact. All these share direct relation to international trade globalisation. Our aim is provide reference previous connection phenomenon

background car accidents are one of the major causes of death and serious injuries all over the world. human factors, especially psychological factors play an important role in accident occurrence. objectives this study was conducted in order to determine the relationship between self-control and car accidents based on demographic factors in gonabad, in 2011. patients and methods in this correl...

In this speculative paper, I consider the relationship between oxidative stress and the evolution of placentation in eutherian mammals. I argue that epitheliochorial placentation, in which fetal tissues remain separated from maternal blood throughout gestation, has evolved as a protective mechanism against oxidative stress arising from pregnancy, particularly in species with unusually long gest...

urban form has undergone tremendous changes throughout history. these changes have stemmed from various causes. technology has been one of the most influential forces in changing the face of cities, leaving different marks on the city form. in fact, technology has gained an increasingly more important and integrative role in bringing changes to the urban form. in addition, recent plethora of de...

Mutilation of the most extruding parts of the face (nose, ears, lips) has always meant a very severe impairment, not only of the body, but of the individual’s personality, since it results in a permanent alteration in the most noble and expressive part of the human body. The nose, in particular, was considered, already in very ancient times, the principal element of one’s physiognomy not only a...