In pressurized nuclear reactors, one of the fuel design principles is centerline temperature limit. Since thermal conductivity UO2 not high, increases rapidly from surface to center. To overcome this limitation, use annular type fuels instead solid improvement efforts. study, effects using in a typical PWR are investigated. At same time, adding nanoparticles (〖Al〗_2 O_3,Cu and TiO_2) coolant wa...

Nanosuspensions are proposed for use in improving the thermal efficiency of different systems; including solar power plants. Because their excellent and unique thermo-optical properties, which basis transfer phenomena, they used as working fluids collectors photothermal energy conversion. However, particle agglomeration nanosuspensions remains one most important challenges faced terms usage. Th...