Many studies dealing with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis in rats have been carried out referring only to the colon. In humans, ulcerative colitis (UC) can extend a variable distance into the terminal ileum in a phenomenon known as backwash ileitis (BWI). The aim of this study was therefore to examine the effect of TNBS-induced colitis on different aspects of the rat ileum and jeju...

Preliminary studies showed that the inducible form of heme oxygenase (HO-1) was induced and played a protective role in the process of inflammation. The present study investigated the possible role of HO-1 in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. We measured HO-1 activity in TNBS-induced colitis in rats and analyzed the severity of colitis along with altered HO act...

To investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of Astragaloside IV in rats with experimental colitis, and to explore the possible mechanisms, Sprague-Dawley Rats with colitis were induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS). Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into normal group, TNBS model group, SB203580 group and Astragaloside IV group. 150 mg/kg TNBS dissolved in 50% ethanol were gav...

The accessibility of various Photosystem II (PSII)-associated polypeptides to the protease pronase and the chemical modifier trinitrobenzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS) has been investigated. Three polypeptides with apparent molecular weight of 32, 21, and 16 kilodaltons, known to be associated with O(2) evolution, are all resistant to pronase digestion and TNBS labeling in intact thylakoids. All the ...

BACKGROUND Crohn's disease is characterised by a chronic relapsing inflammation of the bowel in which proinflammatory cytokines play an important perpetuating role. Mitogen activated protein kinase p38 (p38 MAPK) has been established as a major regulator of the inflammatory response, especially with regard to production of proinflammatory cytokines, but its role in inflammatory bowel disease is...

BACKGROUND Mango mistletoes Dendrophthoe pentandra (MMDP) extract has attracted interest due to its pharmacological properties, including gastro protective effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether MMDP extract could increase Foxp3 regulatory T cells and inhibits development of Th17 cells. METHODS Colitis was induced in Balb/c mice by rectal administration of 2,4,6-trinitroben...

A characteristic feature of human inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn's disease, is the presence of activated CD4(+) T cells. Recently, we have shown that colonic epithelial cell production of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3alpha, a CD4 T cell-directed chemokine, is elevated in inflammatory bowel disease. However, the functional relevance of MIP-3alpha production during intes...

In human, digestive disorders are often associated with visceral pain. In these pathologies, visceral pain threshold is decreased indicating a visceral hypersensitivity. Pregabalin [CI-1008; S-(+)-3-isobutylgaba] presents antihyperalgesic actions in inflammatory somatic pain models. This study was designed to evaluate 1) the effect of injection of TNBS into the colon on visceral pain threshold,...

Dysfunction of energy metabolism is involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study was designed to investigate the potential of astragaloside IV (ASIV), an active ingredient of Radix Astragalus, to ameliorate colonic mucosal injury, with focusing on the implication of energy restoration in the underlying mechanism. Experimental colitis model was established in rats by injecting 2,4,6-...

ROS are produced in dendritic cells (DCs) during antigen presentation in contact hypersensitivity (CHS). As a result, ROS cause a number of nonenzymatic protein modifications, including carbonylation, which is the most widely used marker of oxidative stress. 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) is a well-characterized contact allergen that results in the formation of ROS. However, protein...