The majority of neuroendocrine tumors appear to be sporadic. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) typically arises in pancreatic, parathyroid and adrenal glands, but rarely arises in salivary glands. NEC of the tonsil is a rare type of tumor and the concurrent presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered to be more uncommon. There are few case reports of NEC of the tonsil in the liter...

Introduction The primary purpose of this review was to focus on the gross anatomy, including morphometric characteristics and arterial vasculature, of the human cerebellar tonsil. We also aimed to investigate the neurosurgical anatomy of this clinically important structure of the human brain. Discussion The cerebellar tonsil is a rounded lobule on the undersurface of each cerebellar hemisphere,...

The killer cell characteristics of ƒÁƒÂTCR-bearing T cells induced from human tonsil by streptococcus pyogenes stimulation were examined. Immunohistologic staining of tonsil showed that ƒÁƒÂ TCR-bearing T cells were mainly located in the interfollicular area connected with stratified squamous epithelium. Streptococcus pyogenes could induce the proliferation of ƒÁƒÂTCRbearing T cells from tonsil...

The expression of glucocorticoid receptor-α and -β (GR-α and GR-β) in the tonsil tissues of children with and without obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) was evaluated. A total of 30 children with OSAHS who underwent tonsillectomy in the Navy General Hospital from June 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled as the experimental group, and 30 non-OSAHS children were enrolled as the control...

It has been suggested that B cells acquire the capacity for secondary V(D)J recombination during germinal center (GC) reactions. The nature of these B cells remains controversial. Subsets of tonsil and blood B cells and also individual B cells were examined for the expression of recombination-activating gene (RAG) mRNA. Semiquantitative analysis indicated that RAG1 mRNA was present in all tonsi...

Reduction of aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohols in the presence of sodium cyanoborohdride as reductive agent and Tonsil clay as catalyst under solvent free conditions was investigated. Tonsil (catalyst) decreased the reduction time of each aldehyde and ketone to proportional alcohols in comparison with their reduction in the absence of catalyst with high degree purity of alcoho...

here, we describe young men with synovial sarcoma in the palatine tonsil, who presented with a 3-4 month history of progressive sore throat, tonsillar ulcerative mass and bleeding. clinical and radiological examinations revealed that the tumors arose from the palatine tonsil and extended to the parapharyngeal space. both tumors were too advanced to remove completely; therefore, they underwent s...

For the first time, we present co-registered autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (AF/OCT) of excised human palatine tonsils to evaluate the capabilities of OCT to visualize tonsil tissue components. Despite limited penetration depth, OCT can provide detailed structural information about tonsil tissue with much higher resolution than that of computed tomography, magnetic re...