Recent studies have shown that stomata respond to changes in hydraulic conductance of the flow path from soil to leaf. In open-grown tall trees, branches of different heights may have different hydraulic conductances because of differences in path length and growth. We determined if leaf gas exchange, branch sap flux, leaf specific hydraulic conductance, foliar carbon isotope composition (delta...

In order to standardize the results of different biomechanical studies concerning stresses on lumbar discs, it may be useful to estimate the disc dimensions of the examined subjects and to refer the stress values to a unit surface area (square centimeter). The association between anthropometric parameters and discal areas at the L3-L4, L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels, examined by computed axial tomograp...

1. Tree height is a key variable for estimating tree biomass and investigating tree life history, but it is difficult to measure in forests with tall, dense canopies and wide crowns. The traditional method, which we refer to as the ‘tangent method’, involves measuring horizontal distance to the tree and angles from horizontal to the top and base of the tree, while standing at a distance of perh...

Automatic determination of heights from imagery is a difficult problem. BAE Systems has offered the Automatic Terrain Extraction (ATE) and Interactive Terrain Editing (ITE) modules of SOCET SET ® for many years and these represent a best-in-industry solution, though mistakes can occur in certain circumstances. Now BAE Systems has introduced Next-Generation Automatic Terrain Extraction (NGATE), ...

Facial anthropometry has well-known implications in health-related fields. Measurement of human face is used in identification of person in Forensic medicine, Plastic surgery, Orthodontics, Archeology, Hair-style design and examination of the differences between races and ethnicities. Facial anthropometry provides an indication of the variations in facial shape in a specified population. Bangla...

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate weight and height status and their relationship with psychological problems among elementary schoolchildren. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 405 schoolchildren (211 boys and 194 girls, aged: 10-13 years), living in Seoul, Korea, participated in this study. The participants were divided into 3 groups according to their weight and height standard deviation ...

INTRODUCTION During growth, proportions of craniofacial and cervical structures are changed. Craniofacial and cervicovertebral structures are morphologically and functionally connected, but their each other's influence is still unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the changes in cervical lordosis and cervicovertebral morphology in different age periods and the possibility...