background:  tranexamic acid (txa) has received extensive attention in management of blood loss in orthopedic surgeries. however, the ideal method of txa administration is still controversial. this study aims to determine whether intraarticular injection of txa reduces blood loss after total knee arthroplasty (tka).   methods:  through a retrospective case-control study consecutive tka patients...

Using satellite-derived surface elevation and velocity data, we found major short-term variations in recent ice discharge and mass loss at two of Greenland's largest outlet glaciers. Their combined rate of mass loss doubled in less than a year in 2004 and then decreased in 2006 to near the previous rates, likely as a result of fast re-equilibration of calving-front geometry after retreat. Total...

We investigate the generalization behavior of sequential prediction (online) algorithms, when data are generated from a probability distribution. Using some newly developed probability inequalities, we are able to bound the total generalization performance of a learning algorithm in terms of its observed total loss. Consequences of this analysis will be illustrated with examples.

A solar-aided coal-fired power plant realizes the integration of a fossil fuel (coal or gas) and clean energy (solar). In this paper, a conventional 600 MW coal-fired power plant and a 600 MW solar-aided coal-fired power plant have been taken as the study case to understand the merits of solar-aided power generation (SAPG) technology. The plants in the case study have been analyzed by using the...

In 2005 charitable giving in the United States totaled over $260 billon, or around 1.9% of personal income, making it a significant fraction of the economy. Individual giving accounted for 77% of this total, while foundations accounted for 12%, bequests for 7%, and corporations for 5% (Giving USA, 2006). Almost 70% of US households report giving to charity. While the US typically has one of the...

The number of wetlands existing in the United States since colonial settlement has declined rapidly. According to reports by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Tiner, 1984; Tiner et al., 1994; Wilen and Frayer, 1990; Dahl 1990; Dahl et al., 1991) and the National Wildlife Federation (Feierabend and Zelazny, 1987), it is believed that over 200 million acres of wetlands were present in the conte...