Historic gardens are often seen in the context of botanical heritage, which emphasizes their aesthetic and value. Yet, architectural importance as an integral part heritage bastion castle ensemble is ignored. Finding relationship between garden presently complicated by considerable changes townscape since 17th century lack details on these gardens’ depictions maps. The paper demonstrates how hi...

This article explores design debates through a radical political lens. Examining ways in which architects, urban historians and townscape consultants view speculative office developments profit-driven building height the City of London, I argue for democratization cityscape. contest prevalence consensual city-image towers are framed as structures that visual enhance historic landmarks buildings...