While the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling pathway has been shown to have vital roles in many developmental and pathologic processes, its functions in the development and homeostasis of the skeletal system has been poorly defined. To address its in vivo role, we constructed transgenic and pharmacologic mouse models and used peripheral quantitative computed tomography (...

OBJECTIVE Cartilage and subchondral bone form a functional unit. Here, we aimed to examine the effect of meniscus coverage on the characteristics of this unit in knees of older individuals. METHODS We assessed the hyaline cartilage, subchondral cortical plate (SCP), and subchondral trabecular bone in areas covered or uncovered by the meniscus from normal cadaver knees (without degeneration). ...

OBJECTIVES A previous study showed that the trabecular pattern on dental radiographs correlates with femoral and spinal bone mineral density (BMD). The objective of this study was to determine if the correlation is affected by the size and location of the region of interest (ROI). METHODS In a European research project on osteoporosis, BMD was measured at the left hip and the lumbar spine of ...

The structural integrity of vertebral trabecular bone is determined by the continuity of its trabecular network and the size of the holes comprising its marrow space, both of which determine the apparent size of the marrow spaces in a transaxial CT image. A model-independent assessment of the trabeculation pattern was determined from the lacunarity of thresholded CT images. Using test images of...

In this paper, we argue that Peter Singer’s view on the potentiality of the human embryo is erroneous. According to Singer, the human embryo is a human person in potentiality and not in actuality. As a potential person, an embryo cannot be accorded the same moral worth as a person. For him, ‘there is no rule that says that a potential X has the same value as an X, or has all the rights of an X....

BACKGROUND It is difficult to correctly diagnose follicular neoplasms (FNs) on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) because it shares many cytological features with other mimicking lesions. The aim of this study was to identify the cytological features that differentiate FNs from mimicking lesions. METHODS We included the cytological slides from 116 cases of thyroid FN diagnosed on FNAC, an...

introduction: idiopathic osteosclerosis is a common radiopaque lesion in the jaw bones, which is asymptomatic and usually detected accidentally in various radiographs. the purpose of this study was to determine the radiographic features of idiopathic osteosclerosis in the jawbones of patients referring to the maxillofacial radiology center of mashhad dental faculty. methods: in this descriptive...