Individual biomarkers have expanding roles in risk assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis, and the list of up-and-coming markers is growing. Nonetheless, individual biomarkers have notable shortcomings, including day-to-day intra-individual variation and poor predictive values at the level of the individual patient, which limit their prognostic value. Combining multiple biomarkers from distinct p...

Present review article highlights various cardiovascular risk prediction biomarkers by incorporating both traditional risk factors to be used as diagnostic markers and recent technologically generated diagnostic and therapeutic markers. This paper explains traditional biomarkers such as lipid profile, glucose, and hormone level and physiological biomarkers based on measurement of levels of impo...

conclusions the mathematical meaning of the two insulin-related biomarkers examined was the same, and the odds ratios of the two biomarkers were almost the same after adjustments for other independent variables. objectives a one-year follow-up study was conducted to determine the ability of the insulin-related biomarkers to predict the risk of mets development. patients and methods a total of 2...

The pace of discovery of cardiovascular biomarkers seems to be slowing. Although important advances in the identification of molecular biomarkers have been made during the past decade, it is becoming apparent that their clinical relevance is limited and that advanced discovery methods are needed. There are 27 000 articles on cardiac biomarkers in PubMed. However, only a small number of these bi...

BACKGROUND Biomarkers may help clinicians predict cardiovascular risk. We aimed to determine if the addition of endocrine, metabolic, and obesity-associated biomarkers to conventional risk factors improves the prediction of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In a population-based cohort study (the Study of Health in Pomerania) of 3,967 subjects (age 20-80 y...