We further clarify how scalar metric perturbations are ampliied in an innationary cosmology. We rst construct a simple, analytic model of an in-ationary cosmology in which the expansion scale factor evolves continuously from an innationary era to a radiation-dominated era. From this model, it is clear to see how scalar perturbations are ampliied. Second, we examine the recent claims of Grishchu...

This paper provides a unified growth theory, i.e. a model that explains the very long-run economic and demographic development path of industrialized economies, stretching from the pre-industrial era to present-day and beyond. Making strict use of Malthus’ (1798) so-called preventive check hypothesis – that fertility rates vary inversely with the price of food – the current study offers a new a...

The evolution of scale-invariant gravity waves from the early universe is analyzed using an equation of state which smoothly interpolates between the radiation dominated era and the present matter dominated era. We find that for large wavenumbers the standard scale-invarant wavefunction for the gravity wave severely underestimates the actual size of the gravity wave. Moreover, there is a defini...

This paper provides a unified growth theory, i.e. a model that explains the very long-run economic and demographic development path of industrialized economies, stretching from the pre-industrial era to present-day and beyond. Making strict use of Malthus’ (1798) so-called preventive check hypothesis – that fertility rates vary inversely with the price of food – the current study offers a new a...

since the government, following the shi’ie doctrine, paid special attention to art and architecture, the school of isfahan found the opportunity to manifest the shi’ite beliefs in architecture. the rare combination of art, shi’ism and illumination gave this era a unique identity, which manifested itself more or less in the isfahan school of art and architecture. shia influence in the political ...

Evaluation of the vertical diffusion coefficients from ERA-40 with Rn simulations D. J. L. Olivié , P. F. J. van Velthoven, and A. C. M. Beljaars Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK Received: 15 June 2004 – Accepted: 15 July 2004 – Publi...

The climate change crisis is rising against humanity in all its grandness. Although there are various global initiatives the fight phenomenon, it does not seem possible to say that these practices sufficient. mitigation and adaptation strategies put forward this direction should be evaluated designed a new perspective. just transition approach offers range of principles based on social justice ...

We give a comprehensive analysis of how scalar and tensor perturbations evolve in cosmologies with a smooth transition from power-law-like and de Sitter-like inflation to a radiation era. Analytic forms for the super-horizon and sub-horizon perturbations in the inflationary and radiation dominated eras are found.