estimated to affect 170 million people worldwide and 20%-30% of these will eventually progress to liver cirrhosis and its sequelae, such as hepatocellular carcinoma.1 In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) sero-prevalence studies suggest that the overall antiHCV positivity is 0.99%, while in subjects over the age of 50 years it is 3.5%-5%.2,3 This prevalence rises to 75% among intravenous drug us...

infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is a progressive condition which may cause endothelial dysfunction and liver damage leading to coagulopathy. with adventure of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart), life expectancy has prolonged in hiv positive patients but several acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related conditions such as coagulopathies are responsible for ass...