the traveling salesman problem (tsp) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem and holds a central place in logistics management. the tsp has received much attention because of its practical applications in industrial problems. many exact, heuristic and metaheuristic approaches have been proposed to solve tsp in recent years. in this paper, a modified ant colony optimization (maco) is ...

Definition The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is the following optimization problem. Given a complete graph G with edge costs, find a Hamiltonian cycle of minimum cost in G. Definition The metric traveling salesman problem (∆-TSP) is the TSP restricted to instances satisfying the triangle inequality Definition The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is the following optimization problem. Given a...

We present a genetic algorithm for solving the traveling salesman problem by genetic algorithms to optimality for traveling salesman problems with up to 442 cities. Mlihlenbein et al. [MGK 88], [MK 89] have proposed a genetic algorithm for the traveling salesman problem, which generates very good but not optimal solutions for traveling salesman problems with 442 and 531 cities. We have improved...

The Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem is one of a well known complex combinatorial optimization problems. Equality-Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem is a particular case of it. Themain objective of the problem it is to find a minimum cost tour passing through exactly one node from each cluster of a large-scale undirected graph. Multi-agent approaches are successfully used nowadays for...