In traditional models only an order one fraction of energy is transferred from the inflaton to radiation through nonperturbative resonance production in preheating immediately after inflation, due backreaction effects. We propose a particle mechanism that could improve depletion density by up four orders magnitude. The improvement comes fast perturbative decays resonantly produced daughter part...

Soft Computing Techniques (SCT) are extensively used to estimate Labyrinth Weir's (LW) flow-rate. Due the multiplicity of these techniques, identifying most competent SCT is indispensable. This study aims flow-rate a sharp-crest triangular LW as function its side leg angle α and total head ratio (H/P) through several SCTs such Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Multi-Layer Perceptro...

Stepped spillways have become a popular method for handling flood releases. The steps increase significantly the rate of energy dissipation taking place on the spillway face and reduce the size of the required downstream energy dissipation basin. The compatibility of stepped spillways with roller compacted concrete (RCC) and gabion construction techniques results in low additional cost for the ...

As a key component of drip irrigation system, the performance emitters is determined by flow channel structures and parameters. In this paper, novel Y-shaped labyrinth-channel emitter was proposed, influence hydraulic researched under different waist-arc angles (α) ratios crown height to chord length (a:b). The characteristics energy dissipation mechanisms water in were analyzed using fluid dyn...

Many permanent spillway tunnels of high earth-rock dams are rebuilt from their diversion tunnels. Scour problem is focused because of their high water head and velocity. Energy Approach is a new method to Estimating Scour and is used here to estimate the depth of scour downstream of 1 spillway tunnel of Zipingpu Project. The method is illustrated working fine by comparing its results with data ...

This paper presents a classification of cavitation damage levels on spillway surface. Two important factors influencing cavitation damage have been considered in this study, flow velocity and cavitation index. Based on these factors, five different damage levels from no cavitation damage to major cavitation damage have been determined. The method was applied to data of the Shahid Abbaspour dam ...

The inner ear is composed of the membranous labyrinth and the osseous labyrinth (1). The membranous labyrinth has two major subdivisions, a sensory portion called the sensory labyrinth and a nonsensory portion designated the nonsensory labyrinth. The sensory labyrinth lies within the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It contains two intercommunicating portions: 1) the cochlear labyrinth tha...

Side weirs are used in open channels to control flood and the flow passing through it. Discharge capacity is one of the crucial hydraulic parameters of side weirs. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the intended dimensionless parameters on predicting the discharge coefficient of triangular labyrinth side weir. MAPE, RMSE, and R2 statistic indexes have been used to assess the ac...