BACKGROUND Modelling studies suggest that workplaces may be important sites of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in high burden countries today. Contemporary data on tuberculosis by occupation from these settings are scarce. However, historical data on tuberculosis risk in different occupations are available and may provide insight into workplace transmission. We aimed to ascertain whethe...

introduction tuberculosis is a contagious disease and a main cause of mortality in humans thus the world health organization has declared it as a global emergency. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of tuberculosis and involving factors in patients referring to the diagnosis laboratory of tuberculosis in ahvaz east health center. materials and methods the present study is a re...

BACKGROUND Published data on the interaction between influenza and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are limited. We aimed to estimate the influenza-associated mortality among individuals with PTB in South Africa from 1999-2009. METHODS We modelled the excess influenza-associated mortality by applying Poisson regression models to monthly PTB and non-tuberculosis respiratory deaths, using laborator...

OBJECTIVES Almost 20% of people smoke tobacco worldwide--a percentage projected to rise in many poor countries. Smoking has been linked to increased individual risk of tuberculosis infection and mortality, but it remains unclear how these risks affect population-wide tuberculosis rates. DESIGN We constructed a state transition, compartmental, mathematical model of tuberculosis epidemics to es...

OBJECTIVE To determine excess mortality in a cohort of people with tuberculosis in Shanghai. METHODS Participants were local residents in 4 (of 19) districts in Shanghai, registered in one of four tuberculosis clinics between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2008. Baseline data were collected at the most recent diagnosis of tuberculosis and mortality was assessed between March and May of 2014...

The objective of this study was to characterize tuberculosis mortality trends in the Municipality of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1900 to 1997. Standardized tuberculosis mortality rates and proportional mortality ratios were calculated and stratified by gender and age group based on data provided by government agencies. These measures were submitted to time-series analysis. We verified distinct tren...

Tuberculosis is among the top ten causes of global mortality and affects low-income countries in particular. This paper examines, through a literature review, the impact of tuberculosis control measures on tuberculosis mortality and transmission, and constraints to scaling-up. It also provides estimates of the effectiveness of various interventions using a model proposed by Styblo. It concludes...

BACKGROUND Anemia is very common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis, and hepcidin may be key in mediating this. We explored the relationship between blood hepcidin concentrations and anemia severity, mycobacterial burden and mortality in patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis. METHODS Consecutive unselected HIV-infected adults in South Africa were s...

The objective: to determine main directions for improving the epidemiological control over socially important infectious diseases (tuberculosis, HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C) based on study of epidemic signs its determinants from 2010 2021. Subjects Methods. Rosstat Forms no. 8, 33, 61, 4, 2, 12, C51 were studied. Epidemiological statistical analysis content publications applied. Calc...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis in children is increasingly recognised as an important component of the global tuberculosis burden, with an estimated 1 million cases in 2015. Although younger children are vulnerable to severe forms of tuberculosis disease, no age-disaggregated estimates of paediatric tuberculosis mortality exist, and tuberculosis has never been included in official estimates of under-5...