The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in Chlamydia pneumoniae atherogenesis was evaluated in TNF-alpha p55 receptor-deficient C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. No acceleration of atherosclerotic lesion development was observed in infected mice compared to uninfected mice, indicating that TNF-alpha plays a role in the acceleration of atherosclerosis by C. pneumoniae.

Candida albicans beta-1,2-oligomannosides stimulate macrophage tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) but not NO release. This stimulation desensitized macrophages by altering beta-1, 2-oligomannoside-dependent TNF-alpha production and lipopolysaccharide-dependent TNF-alpha and NO secretion. Desensitization was not related to tyrosine phosphorylation signal transduction but was transferred by ...

Background: The expression of mouse tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in Escherichia coli is a favorable way to get high yield of protein; however, the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which is the consequence of insoluble accumulated proteins, is a major obstacle in this system. To overcome this obstacle, we used a pulsed dilution method to convert the product to its native c...

Background and Aims: Plants as medicines have always played a vital role in human life. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α is one of the macrophage-derived inflammatory cytokine with pleotropic effects in the inflammation process. Some studies have been demonstrated that some of the Echinops species have anti-inflammatory activity. In fact, Echinops lasilepis is introduced as one of the ...

We have investigated the role of the two distinct tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors (TNFR60 and TNFR80) in endothelial cell activation employing an in vitro model of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-dependent tissue factor production of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In this model, tissue factor is produced either on addition of exogeneous TNF-alpha, or by induction...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) significantly reduced Cryptosporidium parvum development in a murine enterocyte cell line, and a key mechanism of action appeared to be inhibition of parasite invasion. However, TNF-alpha-deficient mice controlled infection as effectively as wild-type mice. This suggests that TNF-alpha might have only a redundant role for establishing immunity against C. parvum.

The interplay between malignant and stromal cells is essential in tumorigenesis. We have previously shown that colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1, matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A production by stromal cells is enhanced by CSF-1-negative SW620 colon cancer cells. In the present study, the mechanisms by which colon cancer cells up-regulate host facto...

Ovarian tumor cells produce macrophage colony stimulating factor, a potent chemoattractant for monocytes. Monocytes and macrophages produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 alpha or interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) that can stimulate ovarian tumor cell growth. The present study has explored whether paracrine stimulation by monocyte derived cytokines might induce autocrine...