this article is an attempt to show that how the meanings of the words “philosophy” and “philosopher” change in plato’s phaedo in comparison with his early socratic dialogues. the phaedo is plato’s interpretation of socrates’ life, philosophy and death, in light of orphic and pythagorean eschatological doctrines. in this interpretation, plato reveals his problem of epistemological pessimism and ...

Modern conversations between the natural sciences and theology on the human soul have not so far engaged extensively with the debates of the early church on the matter. This article considers the relevance of the Apollinarian controversy (the fourth century Christological contention of whether or not Jesus has a human soul/mind), and suggests that this introduces important considerations for th...

one of the prominent figures in epistemology from a moral-educative perspective is mulla sadra. this essay tries to analyze his ideas in a library-based method in order to find his educative methods. the key question is what educative methods are explicitly or implicitly mentioned in his epistemological ideas. he based his educative ideas upon his philosophical foundations specially the substan...

priority of the soul to the body is one of the issues in the studies on the soul concept, long being the subject of debate and contest by islamic scholars. in addition, many narratives of infallible imams have been quoted on this topic. mulla sadra shirazi has been of a specific view on this issue. he has rejected the priority of the soul to the body in terms of multiplicity and disjunction and...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of trazodone treatment on behavioral signs of stress in hospitalized dogs. DESIGN Prospective observational study. ANIMALS 120 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES Hospitalized dogs administered trazodone (n = 60) were observed for stress-related signs or behaviors ≤ 45 minutes after the drug was administered (time 1) and approximately 90 minutes later (time 2). Dogs...

Modern conversations between the natural sciences and theology on the human soul have not so far engaged extensively with the debates of the early church on the matter. This article considers the relevance of the Apollinarian controversy (the fourth century Christological contention of whether or not Jesus has a human soul/mind), and suggests that this introduces important considerations for th...

the expression “corporeality of soul” in sadra’s works can be interpreted on the basis of two different views: that of corporeality origination of soul according to which the soul in its initial stages of existence is “imprinted’’ and immanent in matter. in the second view, however, the soul is of “essential relatedness” in virtue of which it has a relative being and thus is existentially relat...

While medical historians have noted the continuing importance of the soul in seventeenth-century physiology, it is not generally recognized that there were systematic discussions of the role of the physiological soul even after it was banished from science by Descartes and Malebranche. In this paper I analyze important accounts of it by founding members of the Academie des Sciences who were phy...

The Green-Kubo formula for linear response coefficients gets modified when dealing with nonequilibrium dynamics. In particular negative differential conductivities are allowed to exist away from equilibrium. We give a unifying framework for such negative differential response in terms of the frenetic contribution in the nonequilibrium formula. It corresponds to a negative dependence of the esca...

The Green-Kubo formula for linear response coefficients is modified when dealing with nonequilibrium dynamics. In particular, negative differential conductivities are allowed to exist away from equilibrium. We give a unifying framework for such a negative differential response in terms of the frenetic contribution in the nonequilibrium formula. It corresponds to a negative dependence of the esc...