The aim of the study is to examine causal relationship between VIX index, oil price, dollar and BIST-Tourism index in context global EPU February 1997 September 2022. To achieve this aim, Fourier Toda Yamamoto (TY) causality test fractional TY were used. results show that there a one-way causative price. In addition, it seen bidirectional index. According obtained from test, BIST-tourism was fo...

The transposable Ty elements consist of a central core, epsilon, flanked by direct repeats called deltas. In wild-type strains Ty transcripts initiate in one delta and terminate in the other. Insertion mutations caused by Ty elements have a wide variety of phenotypes, ranging from inhibition of gene expression to constitutive gene expression. Mutations in the SPT3 gene suppress these effects of...

Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Disease incited by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) causes huge losses in tomato production worldwide and is caused by different related begomovirus species. Breeding for TYLCV resistance has been based on the introgression of multiple resistance genes originating from several wild tomato species. In this study we have fine-mapped the widely used Solanum chile...

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ectopic recombination has been shown to occur at high frequencies for artificially created repeats, but at relatively low frequencies for a natural family of repeated sequences, the Ty family. Little is known about the mechanism(s) that prevent recombination between repeated sequences. We have previously shown that nonreciprocal recombination (gene conversi...

Information on the inhibitory effect of free fa t ty acids was sought by growing lactic streptococci in the presence of labeled fa t ty acids and collecting the cells on membrane filters. The distribution of the radioactivity indicated adsorption by the bacteria. As the number of cells in the growth medium increased, accumulation of radioactivity with the cells on the filter increased. The cell...

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and related begomoviruses are a major threat to tomato production worldwide and, to protect against these viruses, resistance genes from different wild tomato species are introgressed. Recently, the Ty-1 resistance gene was identified, shown to code for an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and to be allelic with Ty-3. Here we show that upon TYLCV challenging of ...

Several different accessions of S. chilense have been used as sources of begomovirus resistance genes. Zamir et al. (1994) used LA1969 as a source of Ty-1 gene in chromosome 6 (ca. 8 cM). LA1969 was also the source of resistance against Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) for new lines developed in Cuba (Piňón et al., 2005). Scott and his team (Agrama and Scott, 2006; Scott, 2001; Scott et al...

RESEARCH ARTICLE Environmental Factors Affecting Productive Traits and their Trends in Nili­Ravi Buffaloes Muhammad Khal id Bashir 1 * , Muhammad Saj jad Khan , Muhammad Lateef , Muhammad Iqbal Mustafa 2 , Muhammad Farooq Khalid 1 Shahid-ur-Rehman and Umar Farooq 1 Sub Campus Toba Tek Singh, Universi ty of Agricul ture , Faisalabad, Pakistan Facul ty of Animal Husbandry, Universi ty of Agricul ...