conclusions this study showed that audio-visual training can have a significant effect on the self-efficacy of people with type 1 diabetes. providing audio-visual equipment to referral centers of type 1 diabetics, such as hospitals, health centers, and clinics, as well as informing related officials, can be of benefit to managers. results the mean of the self-efficacy score improved significant...

background: these days, diabetes is deemed as one of the most important health and social-economic problems of the world. since parents play a major role in treatment of diabetes, the most important part of managing diabetes is in the hands of the parents of children affected by diabetes. this special responsibility will increase the stress and family challenges and impacts parents’ emotional r...

background: there have been very few studies, with contradictory results, on the zinc status of children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus. the objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine zinc status based on the serum zinc concentration in type-1 diabetic children and adolescents and compare it with that of healthy controls. methods: thirty children and adolescents wit...

1-type and biharmonic curves by using laplace operator in lorentzian 3-space arestudied and some theorems and characterizations are given for these curves.

background and aims: considering difficulties in usual laboratory methods in detection of viral infections, improved dna-based diagnostic techniques are more reliable. loop mediated isothermal amplification method (lamp) is a nucleic acid amplification method that amplifies dna using six primers which has been developed to diagnose viruses as a rapid and high efficiency test. in this study, the...

herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) with a worldwide distribution has been reported in all human populations, resulting in a clinical spectrum of infections. although hsv type 2 (hsv-2) is known as the most common cause of genital herpes, an increasing number of cases with genital herpes are caused by hsv-1. the present study aimed to discuss the changes in the epidemiology of hsv-1 infection i...

It is known that, due to the fact that L1,∞ not a Banach space, if (Tj)j sequence of bounded operators so thatTj:L1⟶L1,∞, with norm less than or equal ||Tj|| and ∑j||Tj||<∞, nothing can be said about operator T=∑jTj. This origin many difficult open problems. However, we assume thatTj:L1(u)⟶L1,∞(u),∀u∈A1, φ(||u||A1)||Tj||, where φ nondecreasing function A1 Muckenhoupt class weights, then prove e...

background: stem-cell therapy plays a preventive role for different complications of diabetes, including diabetes nephropathy. the current phase 3 single-arm clinical trial is designed to investigate the potential protective effect of allotransplantation of fetal liver-derived cell suspension in diabetic nephropathy. methods: seventy-four diabetic patients with type 1 were selected according to...

objective(s): leptin exerts various effects on appetite and body weight. disruption of the obesitygene is precedent to fatness. insulin or glucose elevates leptin, but streptozotocin reduces it. however, controversial data exist for the effects of leptin on diabetes and leptin level in each gender. leptin can damage the kidney function but little evidence exists for its hepatic effects. the aim...

background: nephrotic syndrome and type 1 diabetes mellitus are two common chronic conditions in children. co-existence of these conditions is an extremely rare finding. case presentation: this report presents a 6-year-old boy who was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome five years ago and type 1 diabetes mellitus in infancy. renal biopsy showed membranous glomerulonephritis, which is a rare histo...