BACKGROUND In the late 1980s and early 1990s a generalized HIV epidemic affected Thailand which was relatively well controlled by an intensive national campaign by the mid 1990s. The extent to which the epidemic has slowed or possibly reversed the epidemiological transition in Thailand is relatively unknown. METHODS Under-five mortality rates (U5MR) were determined from various sources and we...

Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ?2.5 ?m (PM 2.5 ) concentrations vary between countries similar carbon dioxide (CO 2 emissions, which can be partially explained by differences in air pollution control efficacy. However, no indicator of efficacy has yet been developed. We aimed to develop such an indicator, and evaluate its global temporal distribution association country-level heal...

The aim of this paper is to obtain the best model that will be used predict Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5MR) between Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Weighted Markov Chains (WMC). annual dataset U5MR in Nigeria for period 1980-2019 obtained from official website World Bank. descriptive statistics unit root test stationarity data were carried on series. ARIMA was modelled usi...

Often the household environmental factors are combined with the household assets in explaining the economic differentials in population and health parameters of developing countries. Though the utility of wealth index (that combines household environment with assets) in explaining health and health care utilization is established, its utility as a proxy of economic measures is contested. In thi...

BACKGROUND Between 1990 and 2015, under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) declined by 53%, from an estimated rate of 91 deaths per 1000 live births to 43, globally. The aim of this study was to determine the share of health research systems in this decrease alongside other influential factors. METHODS We used random effect regression models including the 'random intercept' and 'random intercept and ran...

Despite India’s impressive economic performance after the introduction of economic reforms in the 1990s, progress in advancing the health status of Indians has been slow and uneven. Large inequities in health and access to health services continue to persist and have even widened across states, between rural and urban areas, and within communities. Three forms of inequities have dominated India...

background: the present study was conducted to assess the trend of geographical disparities in child and maternal mortality rates in 20 districts of east azerbaijan, in the northwest of iran, between 1999 and 2013.   methods: data on to health indicators between 1999 and 2013, extracted from population registry panels (zij), was made available for the study by the east azerbaijan health center....

OBJECTIVE To compare the results of two different survey sampling techniques (cluster and systematic) used to measure retrospective mortality on the same population at about the same time. METHODS Immediately following a cluster survey to assess mortality retrospectively in a town in North Darfur, Sudan in 2005, we conducted a systematic survey on the same population and again measured mortal...

T he first child survival revolution led by UNICEF saw a fall in global under five child mortality (U5MR) from 121 in 1980 to 88 in 1986. It brought together the big players in international health and built momentum through a strategy of social mobilisation. This focused on four low cost primary care interventions (growth monitoring, oral rehydration, breast feeding, and immunisation). The sec...

background: mortality refers to the death that occurs within a population. it is linked to many factors such as age, sex, race, occupation and social class. the incidence and prevalence of mortality could affect the population's stan­dard of living and health care. the aim of this study was to explore the pattern of mortality trends in iran, south-south west asia and the world in 1970-2010. met...