This article describes work performed on the assessment of the levels of airborne ultrafine particles emitted in two welding processes metal-active gas (MAG) of carbon steel and friction-stir welding (FSW) of aluminium in terms of deposited area in alveolar tract of the lung using a nanoparticle surface area monitor analyser. The obtained results showed the dependence from process parameters on...

In this study, bulk ultrafine-grained and micro-crystalline cobalt was prepared using a combination of high-energy ball milling and subsequent spark plasma sintering. The average grain sizes of the ultrafine-grained and micro-crystalline materials were 200 nm and 1 μm, respectively. Mechanical properties such as the compressive yield strength, the ultimate compressive strength, the maximum comp...

INTRODUCTION In esthetic treatments with dermal fillers, increasing numbers of physicians are using the technique of mixing an anesthetic agent into the dermal filler before treatment to increase the comfort of the patients. This study aimed at evaluating the effects on the physical properties of a polycaprolactone (PCL)-based dermal filler after mixing with lidocaine. METHODS A range of 2.0%...

In this paper, we develop a keyword spotting system using vocabulary-independent speech recognition technique, and investigate several non-keyword modeling methods to improve its performance. In order to overcome the weakness of conventional syllable model, we propose the syllable filler based on syllable information of keywords and syllable-like filler model. The former prohibits syllable fill...

a review on the microstructural evolution in magnesium alloys during severe plastic deformation waspresented. the challenges deserved to achieve ultrafine/ nanostructured magnesium were discussed.the characteristics of the processed materials are influenced by three main factors, including i)difficult processing at low temperatures, ii) high temperature processing and the occurrence ofdynamic r...

Long-time exposure to welding fumes is supposed to be responsible for lung disease in some cases [1]. Whether welding fume exposure leads to an impairment of human health seems to be dependent on various factors like fume concentrations, ventilation of the workshops [2, 3], use of personal protection equipment [4-6] and presence of co-factors like cigarette smoking [7]. From different epidemiol...

The influence of immobile filler particles (spheres, fibers, platelets) on polymer-blend phase separation is investigated computationally using a generalization of the Cahn-Hilliard-Cook (CHC) model. Simulation shows that the selective affinity of one of the polymers for the filler surface leads to the development of concentration waves about the filler particles at an early stage of phase sepa...

We conducted a series of experiments with ultrafine particles (approximately 20 nm) and larger particles (less than 200 nm) of "nuisance" dusts to evaluate the involvement of alveolar macrophages (AM) in particle-induced lung injury and particle translocation in rats. After intratracheal instillation of both ultrafine particles and larger particles of TiO2, we found a highly increased interstit...

Respirable ambient particles [particulate matter <10 μm (PM10)] are associated with both acute and chronic adverse health effects including chronic airflow obstruction. PM10 can induce expression of inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators, but there is controversy about the types and/or sizes of particles involved and, in particular, whether ultrafine particles are the major toxic agents. To exam...

This study investigated water-soluble ions in the sized particles (particularly nano (PM(0.01-0.056))/ultrafine (PM(0.01-0.1))) collected using MOUDI and Nano-MOUDI samplers near a busy road site and at a rural site. The analytical results demonstrate that nano and coarse particles exhibited the highest (16.3%) and lowest (8.37%) nitrate mass ratios, respectively. The mass ratio of NO(3)(-) was...