modified bubble column extraction with ultrasonic bath (bce-ub) method was used to extract atropine from the stem and leaves of atropa belladonna. optimum condition were obtained with kamada solvent which was chloroform-methanol-ammonia 15:15:1(v/v/v) as extraction solvent, the particle size of  less than  350 µm, an extraction time of 23.95 min, a liquor to material ratio of 15.08 ml/g and  an...

We report here on the manufacturing methods for emulsifier-free (EF-) oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, in which oil and water were mechanically mixed absence of any emulsifiers such as surfactants. A commercially available bath-type ultrasonic cleaner (Bath-US; 42 kHz, 26 W) did not disperse dodecane (DD) completely even by treatment 15 min, average diameter DD droplets EF-dodecane-in-water (DD/W)...

Background Bonding to silica-based ceramics requires micro mechanical (hydrofluoric-acid, HFetching) and chemical (silane) coupling [1–5]. The HF-etching provides dissolution of Abstract Statement of problem: The hydrofluoric acid (HF) is able to promote selective dissolution of the glassy phase in silica-based ceramic. However, the etching leaves insoluble silica-fluoride salts in the surface ...

Modified Bubble Column Extraction with Ultrasonic Bath (BCE-UB) method was used to extract atropine from the stem and leaves of Atropa belladonna. Optimum condition were obtained with Kamada solvent which was chloroform-methanol-ammonia 15:15:1(v/v/v) as extraction solvent, the particle size of  less than  350 µm, an extraction time of 23.95 min, a liquor to material ratio of 15.08 mL/g and...

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence thermal treatment and ultrasound on activity β-glucosidase lipoxygenase, enzymes that determine phenolic composition sensory profile virgin olive oil. Enzyme determined spectrophotometrically in model systems consisting commercial their substrates. Thermal performed by tempering substrates at temperatures between 15 40 °C. measured 1 min af...

AIMS To assess whether pre-soaking files in an enzymatic cleaner prior to ultrasonic cleaning had any effect on cleanliness and also to assess the effect of the time that endodontic files spend in an ultrasonic bath prior to sterilization on their overall cleanliness. METHODOLOGY Twenty root canals in a total of ten patients were cleaned and shaped using conventional techniques. Following use...

Ultrasonic measurements of elastic moduli of composite materials have traditionally been made on either small specimens cut from a iar ger component or by using a scanning technique with the specimen immersed in a water bath. A phase-insensitive array has been developed for rapid nondestructive measurement of in-plane elastic moduli. The array characteristics allow for determinat ion of energy ...