importance of security and sense of peace is a one of the most important factors of urban environment. therefore, the necessity of security in urban spaces has caused the emergence of authentic theories like defensible spaces and crime prevention through environment design (cpted)*. in this paper, various literatures related to defensible space theories have been reviewed and the related keywor...

purpose: in recent years high explosive bomb attacks have been increasingly directed against   civil structures by various terrorist organizations. this paper describes a numerical method for   assessing the interaction of high explosive air blast within the complex geometrical type of a   congested urban environment.   materials and methods: the first step in predicting blast effects on a targ...

filling stations inside the urban environment are known as one of the existing and potential dangers in cities which according to their centralized fire load can be of high safety importance. tehran holds 101 active filling stations faced to extreme accidents and high explosion potentials. in this study, 59 out of 101 gas stations were investigated under the fire risk assessment implementation....

In the current period, followed by the industrial revolution, the damaging effects of the one-dimensional attitude towards the environment caused by human have had countless hazards. To cope with these risks, the respect and protection of environmental values has attracted today's urban human attention once again and the issues about the human right to a decent, safe and healthy environment whi...

AIMS To measure the prevalence of routine alcohol assessment; to assess its clinical utility in the general medical wards of a large urban hospital; and to assess medical and nursing staff knowledge with regard to standard drink measures and recommended drinking limits as well as their attitudes towards alcohol assessment. METHODS The prevalence of alcohol assessment and the clinical utility ...

Despite the fact that spiritual care is an essential part of nursing care according to many nursing definitions, it appears to be quite different in practice. A spirituality training for nurses may be necessary to give spiritual care the attention it deserves. In a trial a pre-tested "spirituality and nursing care" training was provided to nurses from four different nursing wards in a non-acade...