Constructed wetlands have become a good alternative to urban and industrial wastewater treatments. Because of the many interactions between the different parts that form the wetland, the design of these systems used to be very complex so a good design tool is required. Hybrid constructed wetlands mix the aerobic and anaerobic properties of vertical and horizontal subsurface flow constructed wet...

Two species of microalgae growing as immobilized and free-cells were compared to test its ability to remove N and P in batch cultures of urban wastewater. The best microalgae-cell growth configuration was selected to be tested in bioreactor operated in semi-continuous mode. Scenedesmus obliquus showed a higher N and P uptake rate in urban wastewater than Chlorella vulgaris. When tested in semi-...

This paper addresses the current imperative to develop and test urban ET algorithms, incorporate these into urban water balance models, and develop these into tools to underpin and guide Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and integrated urban water management. Two approaches to modelling the urban water balance focusing specifically on urban evapotranspiration are presented: i) SUES (Single-so...

The aim of this study is to analyze the urban water cycle in the Turin Metropolitan Area (Northwestern Italy), with a focus on quantifying the annual life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The study made use Material Flow Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment methods for a defined urban water cycle system (ATO3) operated by one water utility (SMAT S.p.A.), and examines all mai...

Introduction Hanoi is currently undergoing a process of intensive industrialization and modernization. The population in the smaller Hanoi urban zone has risen dramatically from 300,000 in 1954 to its current population of more than 1.7 million which is 60% of the total population in the area of greater Hanoi. It is predicted that this will rise to 2.5 million amongst 4.5 million of total popul...

UA-Magazine he use of municipal wastewater to fertilize ponds began in Kolkata in the thirty’s, and it is now perhaps the largest wastewater fed aquaculture system in the world (Nair, 1944; Jhingran, 1991). Kolkata is a metropolis of 14 million inhabitants. The Kolkata periurban area especially where wastewater fish farming is practiced supports the livelihood of a large number of people throug...

Conventional wastewater collection systems are installed to remove human wastes from households in cities and urban areas. This system demands high water supply rates as the wastes are flushed through pipes using water that flows under gravity. This system is capital extensive, and has been found to be not suitable in urban areas with smaller population sizes. Also, for the same reason, not sui...

This paper is concerned with the integrated modelling, and control of urban wastewater systems (UWS) comprising the wastewater treatment plants (WTP), receiving waters (river) and the sewer networks. A unified framework is developed and simple models are used and implemented in Matlab/Simulink to produce a toolbox. Novel linear and nonlinear control structures are then proposed to design integr...

Sewer system design must be integrated with wastewater treatment plant design when moving towards a more sustainable urban wastewater management. This integration allows an optimization of the design of both systems to achieve a better and more cost-effective wastewater management. Hitherto integrated process design has not been an option because the tools to predict in-sewer wastewater transfo...

Guangtao Fu (corresponding author) David Butler Centre for Water Systems, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Harrison Building, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK Tel.:+44 1392 264075; Fax:+44 1392 217965; E-mail: [email protected] Christos Makropoulos Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technic...