Measurement of urine to blood (U-B) carbon dioxide tension (P(CO2)) gradient during alkalinization of the urine has been suggested to assess distal H(+) secretion. A fact that has not been considered in previous studies dealing with urinary P(CO2) is that dissolution of HCO(3) in water results in elevation of P(CO2) which is directly proportional to the HCO(3) concentration. To investigate the ...

The excretion of ammonia is dependent upon several factors: the amount and duration of acid intake, presumably affecting variations in intracellular enzyme activity (1-3), the availability of precursors from which ammonia can be formed (4-6), and the pH of the urine (7-9). With respect to the effect of urine pH, the excretion of ammonia resembles that of a number of organic bases, such as quini...

Potassium citrate is prescribed to decrease stone recurrence in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis. Citrate binds intestinal and urine calcium and increases urine pH. Citrate, metabolized to bicarbonate, should decrease calcium excretion by reducing bone resorption and increasing renal calcium reabsorption. However, citrate binding to intestinal calcium may increase absorption and renal excr...

The urinary excretion of spermatozoa (spermaturia) reflects the achievement of exocrine testis function during male puberty. In order to test the sensitivity and practicability of repetitive urine sampling, we analysed the sediments of 1160 first morning urine specimens obtained on successive days from 129 healthy schoolboys aged 10.1 to 17.8 years for the presence of spermatozoa. The proportio...

Most of the nutrients that are essential for crops, mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, found in human urine sufficient quantities, most cases, they more adequate sustainable even when compared to commercial chemical fertilizers. This work evaluated growth sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L .) coriander Coriandrum sativum ) submitted use as a biofertilizer. A treatment was carried out using...

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi faces several environmental stresses while going through the stomach (acidic pH) to the small intestine (basic pH) and intracellularly in macrophages (acidic pH) in humans. The acidic pH followed by alkaline pH in the small intestine might be responsible for expression of certain stress-induced genes, resulting in not only better survival but also induction of ...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants present in air and food. Among PAHs, benzo(a)pyrene(BaP), phenanthrene (PH) and pyrene (PY) are considered to be important for their toxicity or abundance. To investigate the changes of biomarkers after PAH exposure, rats were treated with BaP (150 microg/kg) alone or with PH (4,300 microg/kg) and PY (2,700 microg...

We studied the relationship between the use of three detoxification pathways and urine pH and the tolerance of desert woodrats from two populations to a mixture of naturally occurring plant secondary metabolites (mostly phenolics) in resin from creosote bush (Larrea tridentata). The two populations of desert woodrats came from the Mojave desert (Mojave woodrats), where woodrats consume creosote...

EVERAL S years ago it was reported by Smith (I) that the acidity of the urine in both the marine dogfish and sculpin is fixed at about PH 5.7 and cannot be changed by the intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate, alkaline phosphate or phlorizin. The suggestion was then made that this fixation of urine PH might be related to the fact that in the marine fishes the urine contains large qua...

The urine from 180 children with bladder stone disease (BSD) was cultured for evidence of urinary tract infection. Fifty eight (22.2%) BSD children had positive urine culture. E. Coli was the commonest organism (52%) followed by B. Proteus (3 1%). There was a significant relationship (P<0.00l) between high urinary pH and growth of B. Proteus whereas E. Coli was positively correlated with lower ...