Capital Deepening and Wage Differentials: Germany vs. US Capital deepening may affect the evolution of the wage differential between skilled and unskilled workers differently in countries with different labor market institutions. If labor market institutions raise the relative wage of unskilled workers in Germany, firms have incentives to invest relatively more into capital equipment complement...

For N ≥ 3 there are SN and DN actions on the space of solutions of the first nontrivial equation in the SL(N) MKdV hierarchy, generalizing the two Z2 actions on the space of solutions of the standard MKdV equation. These actions survive scaling reduction, and give rise to transformation groups for certain (systems of) ODEs, including the second, fourth and fifth Painlevé equations. Given a solu...

In this paper, we present equivalent characterizations of L-closure systems on lower bounded complete L-ordered sets and complete L-lattices, respectively. These results demonstrate the feasibility of notion of fuzzy closure system developed in our previous work (L.-K. Guo, G.-Q. Zhang, Q.-G. Li: Fuzzy closure systems on L-ordered sets. Math. Log. Quart. 57 (3) (2011), 281-291.). Also we develo...

This paper presents a new model of the war of attrition, based on a geographical or territorial dispute. Both sides try to extend their boundaries, and the level of effort at each time is endogenous. There are two kinds of stationary equilibria, one with fighting to completion, the other with a cessation of hostilities. As a player gets closer to losing, that player's probability of winning bat...

A design algorithm is derived, for a calculating minimum allowable electrical clearances in alternating and direct current “permissible” equipments, which are authorized to operate in gassy mines and tunnels under Part 18 of Title 30, Code of Federal Regulations [1]. The calculated clearances apply to operations at altitudes ranging up to 12 000 ft (3658 m) above sea level. The minimum allowabl...

Positive and negative selective incentives are shown analytically to have different structural implications when used to induce collective action. Positive selective incentives are effective for motivating small numbers of cooperators and generate pressures toward smaller, more "elite" actions, unless the incentives have jointness of supply. Negative selective incentives are effective for motiv...

PAGE: 1 OF: 7 • If a product excludes coverage for a service, it is not covered, and medical policy criteria do not apply. • If a commercial product, including an Essential Plan product, covers a specific service, medical policy criteria apply to the benefit. • If a Medicare product covers a specific service, and there is no national or local Medicare coverage decision for the service, medical ...