The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis assumes that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental degradation and income per capita. In other words, as a country grows, it is assumed that its environmental quality improves. In this study, we aim to test the EKC hypothesis for 12 Middle East countries during the period 1990–2008 by employing recently developed panel ...

This study attempts to examine the linkage between environmental degradation and economic growth in Pakistan over the period 1972-2011. The main concern of this study is to test the validity of Environmental Kuznets Curve in case of Pakistan and aims to find out the total and per capita carbon efficiency of Pakistan. Moreover, this study estimates the tipping point of environmental Kuznets curv...

1. Introduction The environmental Kuznets curve is a hypothesized relationship between various indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita. In the early stages of economic growth degradation and pollution increase, but beyond some level of income per capita (which will vary for different indicators) the trend reverses, so that at high-income levels economic growth leads to env...

Article history: Received 18 September 2003 Received in revised form 20 September 2005 Accepted 3 November 2005 Available online 18 January 2006 The empirical environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) literature is vast but far from conclusive. Many authors have analysed the existence of an EKC for various pollutants. Others have used the EKC framework to identify country characteristics that help to e...

Our analysis focuses on a novel theoretical model which explains the relationship between pollution and output as well recycling in context of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. incorporates habit formation circular economy we find that EKC is characterized by downward sloping curve, while curve an increasing results are both agreement with general patterns these curves supported lite...

Will economic growth inevitably degrade the environment, throughout development? We present a household-level framework emphasising the trade-off between consumption that causes pollution and pollution-reducing abatement. Our model provides a simple explanation for upward-turning, non-monotonic paths of environmental quality during economic growth. Its innovation yields sufficient conditions th...

This paper critically reviews the application of a post-development analysis to sustainable development by employing a defined target for post-development analysis-the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). The 'quadratic' EKC predicts an increase in environmental degradation with national wealth before reaching a point of inflection. Data from the 2005 Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) for ...

T he main purpose of this paper is to investigate and compare the impact of tourism on air pollution in selected developed and developing countries during the period of 1995-2014. To this end, at first, the model was designed based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) assumptions and with the presence of the major influencing factors on air pollution along with the international ...

This study explores the ecological indicators relevant to long-term sustainability by the food-energywater nexus among BRICS (Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China, and South Africa). The sustainability issue arises with the EKC (environmental Kuznets curve) hypothesis and biodiversity that require proper resource allocation to provide food security among the BRICS countries. This study ...