the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of nozzle configurations on spray drift and explain the influences using several atomization characteristics (length of spray sheet, spray angle, velocity distribution of flow field, fluctuation of velocity, and droplet size). nozzles manufactured by one company (lechler gmbh, germany) were tested by spraying local tap water in a win...

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In the treatment of superficial lesions with 8-13 MeV electrons, lead shields are often used to protect the underlying tissue. Measurements were made with film and ion chamber to analyse various aspects of external and internal shielding in electron beam therapy. Data were obtained on the thickness of lead required for shielding, the effect of blocking on dose-rate, electron-backscattering from...

comin the present study, co2 removal from natural gas stream has been studied using a flat sheet membrane contactor. a three dimensional mathematical model is developed to describe the process. the model considers the transport of a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide and methane through a flat sheet membrane contactor module. the model is based on the non-wetted mode of operation, in which t...

The sewer layout in flat areas significantly influences the construction and operational costs as well as reliability of the network performance. To find an optimum design of sewer networks for flat areas, this study presents a multi-objective optimization problem with the objective functions of 1- the cost and 2- the reliability. The reliability criterion is defined as the effect of a clogging...