It is known that the wall-plug efficiency (WPE) of a light-emitting diode (LED) can exceed unity and that electroluminescence cooling (ELC) happens in this scenario. However, it is difficult to observe the associated temperature drop due to the relatively small cooling power and the overwhelming heat flux from the ambient. In this work, we design a photonic crystal (PhC) enhanced LED which has ...

Cooling is used as a filter on a set of gluon fields sampling the Wilson action to selectively remove essentially all fluctuations of the gluon field except for the instantons. The close agreement between quenched lattice QCD results with cooled and uncooled configurations for vacuum correlation functions of hadronic currents and for density-density correlation functions in hadronic bound state...

We study the thermodynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation in a weakly interacting quasihomogeneous atomic gas, prepared in an optical-box trap. We characterize the critical point for condensation and observe saturation of the thermal component in a partially condensed cloud, in agreement with Einstein's textbook picture of a purely statistical phase transition. Finally, we observe the quantum J...

In SU(2) lattice gauge theory, a new self-restricted cooling procedure is developed which removes the SU(2)/Z2 coset fields from the lattice configurations and thus reveals the the Z2 vortex vacuum texture. The emerging gauge invariant vortex vacuum structure amounts to the full string tension. The action density of the vortex texture extrapolates to the continuum limit, and, hence, gives rise ...

Buffer gas cooling was extended to trap atoms with small magnetic moment μ. For μ ≥ 3μB, 10 atoms were buffer gas cooled, trapped, and thermally isolated in ultra high vacuum with roughly unit efficiency. For μ < 3μB, the fraction of atoms remaining after full thermal isolation was limited by two processes: wind from the rapid removal of the buffer gas and desorbing helium films. In our current...

In this paper we present a numerical study of plasma jets produced by intense laser matter interactions. Through this study we hope to better understand astrophysical jets and their recent experimental simulations in the laboratory. We paid special attention to radiation cooling and the interaction of the jet with ambient gas. Four cases are presented in this paper; two of them deal with the pr...

We discuss the implementation of the “direct” maximal center gauge (a gauge which maximizes the lattice average of the squared-modulus of the trace of link variables), and its use in identifying Z2 center vortices in Yang-Mills vacuum configurations generated by lattice Monte Carlo. We find that center vortices identified in the vacuum state account for the full asymptotic string tension. Scali...

Different approaches for the isolation of stem/progenitor cells have been reported, including stem cell selection in stringent culture conditions. We evaluated the possibility of isolating human progenitor cells from surgical specimens preserved by under vacuum sealing and cooling, a clinical practice approached by several hospitals as alternative to formalin. Renal tissue samples (n = 20) main...

The FAIR SIS100 accelerator at GSI Darmstadt will be equipped with fast ramped superconducting magnets. The high current Uranium beam modes with intermediate charge states, require ultra low vacuum pressures which can be achieved in long term operation only by cold beam pipes acting as a cryopump with stable temperatures well below 15 K for all operating cycles. The straightforward layout for r...

Organic vapors emitted from solvents used in chemical and pharmaceutical processes, or from hydrocarbon fuel storage stations at oil terminals, can be efficiently captured by adsorption onto activated carbon beds. To recover vapors after the adsorption step, two modes of regeneration were selected and could be possibly combined: thermal desorption by hot nitrogen flow and vacuum depressurizatio...