Orexins, produced in the lateral hypothalamus, are important neuropeptides that participate in the sleep/wake cycle, and their expression coincides with the projection area of the vagus nerve in the brain. Vagus nerve stimulation has been shown to decrease the amounts of daytime sleep and rapid eye movement in epilepsy patients with traumatic brain injury. In the present study, we investigated ...

1620 JEM Vol. 203, No. 7, 2006 When confronted with potentially lethal bacterial sepsis, the brain tells the spleen to shut down the production of inflammatory cytokines, according to Huston and colleagues on page 1623. This may help explain why splenectomy renders people more prone to the immunological overreaction of septic shock when infected with certain types of bacteria. When the brain de...

The vagus nerve (VN), the longest cranial nerve and an essential part of the parasympathetic system, connects the central nervous system to respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems and is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis by controlling these systems. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is related to any method that would stimulate the vagal nerve via elec...

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an often-debilitating condition of unknown origin. There is a general consensus among CFS researchers that the symptoms seem to reflect an ongoing immune response, perhaps due to viral infection. Thus, most CFS research has focused upon trying to uncover that putative immune system dysfunction or specific pathogenic agent. However, no single causative agent has...

The vagus nerve, the major nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system, innervates several organs from the neck to the abdomen. The vagal branches contain afferent (i.e. sensory) and efferent (i.e. motor) fibres contributing to a bidirectional communication between the visceral organs and the brain. The extensive vagal innervation of the body indicates that vagus nerve has a multitude of physio...

Evidence from studies of experimental animals indicates that electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve alters EEGs under certain stimulus parameters. We report EEG effects of electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in 9 patients with medically intractable seizures as part of a clinical trial of chronic vagal stimulation for control of epilepsy. The mechanism of action of the vagal antiepilept...

Article Local field potentials of the auricular Vagus nerve - In-silico stimulation and recording was published on August 1, 2022 in journal Current Directions Biomedical Engineering (volume 8, issue 2).

Afferent nerve signals were recorded from a peripheral cut end of the small nerve bundle of the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve in anesthetized rats. An injection of leptin (100 pg, 0.1 mL) into the portal vein facilitated the afferent activity. The response was dose dependent. Further, an intravenous (IV) injection of leptin (1 ng, 0.1 mL) facilitated the efferent nerve activity of the sympa...

Previous evidence has shown that vagal nerve activity modulates ventricular arrhythmias in patients and in animal models. However, the effects of direct vagus nerve stimulation on ventricular tachyarrhythmias brought by direct sympathetic nerve stimulation have not been elucidated. In the present study, the effects of electrical stimulation of the left cervical vagus nerve on ventricular tachyc...