PURPOSE To assess the effects of positioning and notching of resurfaced femurs on the mechanical strength of third-generation saw bone (TGSB) femurs using an in vitro analogue bone model. METHODS 30 TGSB femurs were equally divided into 6 resurfaced femur groups (intact, anatomic, varus, valgus, anatomically notched, and valgus notched) for testing the load to failure, stiffness, and total en...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hip and knee strength with knee valgus angle during drop jump in elite female athletes. Methods: Forty female athletes (mean ± SD age, 21.5 ± 1.99 years height, 169.08 ± 8.25 cm body mass, 61.05 ± 10.06 kg) participated in this study. Isometric hip and knee muscles strength were evaluated using standard clinical...

A COMPARISON OF CYCLIC VALGUS LOADING ON RECONSTRUCTED ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT OF THE ELBOW. Roshan P. Shah, Derek P. Lindsey, Gannon W. Sungar, Timothy R. McAdams. Section of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford CA. (Sponsored by Michael J. Medvecky, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine.) This study compares the bi...

BACKGROUND Knee valgus and varus morbidity is at the second top place in children lower limb deformity diseases. It may cause abnormal stress distribution. The magnitude and location of contact forces on tibia plateau during gait cycle have been indicated as markers for risk of osteoarthritis. So far, few studies reported the contact stress and force distribution on tibial plateau of valgus kne...

Toe deformities are highly prevalent in older people with up to 74% of older men and women having some degree of hallux valgus [1]. Despite the well documented hypotheses that atrophied, or weak toe flexor muscles are associated with the formation of toe deformities [2], there has been little evidence to support this theory. Only one study has directly compared the toe flexor strength of indivi...

Standardised radiographs of the weight-bearing foot were analysed in fifty young patients undergoing osteotomy of the first metatarsal for hallux valgus. True metatarsus primus varus was not found more frequently than in a control series. The intermetatarsal angle was significantly greater in affected feet compared with controls. The structural abnormality in hallux valgus in the young is there...

The dynamic effects of 5 degrees varus and valgus rearfoot wedging on peak hallux dorsiflexion were investigated in 30 asymptomatic subjects (5 males and 25 females). Statistically significant reductions in peak hallux dorsiflexion were found with rearfoot varus wedging and rearfoot valgus wedging. Furthermore, the reduction in peak hallux dorsiflexion occurring with rearfoot varus wedging was ...

Hallux valgus occurs almost exclusively in shoe – wearing societies. Coughlin and Thompson (2) noting the extremely high prevalence of bunions in American women in the fourth, fifth or sixth decade of life, implicated constricting footwear as a cause of hallux valgus. Likewise, in Japan, Kato and Watanabe (3) noted that the prevalence of hallux valgus in women increased dramatically following t...

BACKGROUND A screening of ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency is required for overhead throwers, since secondary pathologic changes result from an increased elbow valgus laxity. We developed a new manual method for assessing elbow valgus laxity and investigated the reliability of this method and its correlation with ultrasonographic assessment. METHODS We defined elbow valgus laxity as th...

OBJECTIVE Although it is a cause of osteoarthritis (OA) in animal models, laxity in human knee OA has been minimally evaluated. Ligaments become more compliant with age; whether this results in clinical laxity is not clear. In theory, laxity may predispose to OA and/or result from OA. Our goals were to examine the correlation of age and sex with knee laxity in control subjects without OA, compa...