The modified log-wake law, which was developed for turbulent boundary layers and pipe flows, is extended to turbulent flows in open-channels. Turbulent velocity profiles in open-channels can be approximated with three components: (1) the law of the wall that results from the constant bed shear stress; (2) the law of the wake that reflects the effects of gravity, secondary currents and bed rough...

The Log-Poisson phenomenological description of the turbulent energy cascade is evoked to discuss high-order statistics of velocity derivatives and the mapping between their probability distribution functions at different Reynolds numbers. The striking confirmation of theoretical predictions suggests that numerical solutions of the flow obtained at low/moderate Reynolds numbers can play an impo...

Background: Posturography is a method in which the postural stability of adults is evaluated by measuring the center of pressure sway. This study aims to evaluate the reproducibility of measuring the center of pressure oscillation in standing position with internal perturbation in healthy young women with and without hyperkyphosis. Methods: Ten women with dorsal hyperkyphosis with the mean age...

1. The Fundamental Assumptions.-Denote by Sap the components of the deviation s of the stress tensor a. Let va be the components of the velocity vector v and efa the components of the rate of strain tensor e derived from the velocity vector. We impose the usual condition that the flow is incompressible, i.e., eaa = 0, which appears to be in agreement with experimental evidence. Hence e is ident...

Consider a complete graph Kn where the edges have costs given by independent random variables, each distributed uniformly between 0 and 1. The cost of the minimum spanning tree in this graph is a random variable which has been the subject of much study. This note considers the large deviation probability of this random variable. Previous work has shown that the log-probability of deviation by ε...

We study the decay rate of large deviation probabilities of occupation times, up to time t, for the voter model η : Z × [0,∞) → {0, 1} with simple random walk transition kernel, starting from a Bernoulli product distribution with density ρ ∈ (0, 1). In [2], Bramson, Cox and Griffeath showed that the decay rate order lies in [log(t), log(t)]. In this paper, we establish the true decay rates depe...

Objective- Obtaining the normal images ofcolor doppler and estimation ofblood flow velocity parametersof femoral and axillary arteries in dog.Design- Descriptive studyAnimals- 7 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs, weighing 14.3 ± 2.8 kg (mean ± SD).Proceudure- Left and right femoral and axillary arteries of hind and forelimbs were evaluated. Colorand spectral doppler images ofthe each artery were o...

Abstract The present study aims at characterizing the atomization of a water jet which is injected at high velocity into still air thanks to an industrial nozzle particularly used in irrigation. The nozzle diameter is 4.36 mm and exit velocity is about 25 m/s. The droplet size and velocity are analyzed by a double-pulsed shadowgraph imaging technique using a Droplet Tracking Velocimetry (DTV) m...

Based on our previous modi…ed log-wake law in turbulent pipe ‡ows, we invent two compound similarity numbers (Y; U), where Y is a combination of the inner variable y + and outer variable , and U is the pure e¤ect of the wall. The two similarity numbers can well collapse mean velocity pro…le data with di¤erent moderate and large Reynolds numbers into a single universal pro…le. We then propose an...