Introduction
 A small number of children with repaired congenital heart defects may require a tracheostomy for ongoing ventilatory support. Congenital airway anomalies, laryngomalacia, postoperative complications and genetic syndromes associated facial such as DiGeorge Syndrome (22q11 deletion), can be counted among the reasons why patients are unable to weaned from ventilator. In this stu...

Introduction: Acute Lung Injury (ALI), and its more severe subset the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), are a major cause of mortality in the Intensive Care Unit. Mechanical ventilation, a supportive therapy necessary to sustain life in many cases, may contribute to and worsen ALI, termed Ventilator Induced Lung Injury (VILI). Fibroproliferation is an early response to lung injury . I...

The heart of the crustaceans has its own pacemaker neurons inside the heart, which are composed of 9 neurons. The neurons receive innervations of only three kinds of axons originated from the central nervous system; one pair of inhibitory and two pairs of acceleratory axons. Thus, in terms of the neural cardiac control from higher center, this system may have much more simplistic operation comp...

The heart of the crustaceans has its own pacemaker neurons inside the heart, which are composed of 9 neurons. The neurons receive innervations of only three kinds of axons originated from the central nervous system; one pair of inhibitory and two pairs of acceleratory axons. Thus, in terms of the neural cardiac control from higher center, this system may have much more simplistic operation comp...

Cardiovascular surgery in the setting of chest wall deformities is a clinical challenge. Pectus excavatum, for example, can cause heart displacement to the left thoracic cavity, following the poor operative field. This report highlights a case in which a successful aortic valve-sparing operation via conventional median sternotomy after correction of the heart displacement due to pectus excavatu...

A recent Ontario arbitral award is reshaping the way employers and employees must approach the legal duty to accommodate employees with disabilities in the workplace. Entrenched in both federal and provincial human rights legislation, the duty to accommodate imposes a legal obligation on employers to accommodate employees with disabilities unless such accommodation would cause undue hardship on...

We analyze the distribution of ∑ m i=1 vixi where x1, . . . ,xm are fixed vectors from some lattice L ⊂ R (say Z) and v1, . . . , vm are chosen independently from a discrete Gaussian distribution over Z. We show that under a natural constraint on x1, . . . ,xm, if the vi are chosen from a wide enough Gaussian, the sum is statistically close to a discrete Gaussian over L. We also analyze the cas...

Method The patient was extubated in 6 hours after the operation. During next two days progressive dyspnea was observed and patient became ventilation dependent. Six attempts to wean patient from ventilator failed. Elevation of diaphragm up to the 3rd rib have been registered. Since there was no improvement after respiratory muscle training, plication of the hemidiaphragm was performed by a left...