(Hi) Materials.?The aggregate may be made with 1 part of cement and 3 to 4 of sand, or 1 of cement with 1 of sand and 3 of coal ashes. Iron wire l/8th to 1/16th inch in diameter should be used in every limb, bar or curve of the window. Kerosene oil is good enough for lubricating the mould. Moulds should be emptied, i.e., windows cast, on a layer of sand, spread out and levelled, to prevent stic...

OBJECTIVES During noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), the gas leak that commonly occurs around the mask can render NPPV ineffective. We evaluated the effects of gas leak on inspiratory trigger function during NPPV with bilevel pressure and ICU ventilators. In addition, we evaluated the effects of gas leak on fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio(2)) and humidification. METHODS Air le...

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is indispensable for diagnosing brain and spinal cord abnormalities. Magnetic components cannot be used during MRI procedures; therefore, patient support equipment must use MRI-compatible materials. However, little is known of the performance of MRI-compatible ventilators. METHODS At commonly used settings, we tested the delivered tidal volume (V(T)...

BACKGROUND Ventilators used for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) must be able to synchronize in the presence of system leaks. We compared the ability of 7 ICU ventilators and 3 dedicated NIV ventilators to compensate for leaks during pediatric NIV. METHODS Using a lung simulator, we compared the Maquet Servo-i, Dräger V500, Dräger Carina, Covidien PB840, Respironics V60, Respironics Vision, GE H...

As newer anesthesia ventilators are developed their capabilities are becoming more similar to intensive care unit (ICU) ventilators. However, in situations where there is severe decrease in lung compliance, an ICU ventilator may be superior in its ability to regulate inspiratory flow improving both ventilation and oxygenation. We present a case where an ICU ventilator was brought to the operati...

In the event of an influenza pandemic, patients with severe acute respiratory failure (ARF) due to influenza will require positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) in order to survive. In countries with widely available critical care services, PPV is delivered almost exclusively through use of full-feature mechanical ventilators in intensive care units (ICUs) or specialized hospital wards. But the su...