development of sensors to detect the location and depth of hard pans in real time is a major restriction on the application of site specific crop management (sscm). in this study, a soil compaction profile sensor equipped with four horizontal operating penetro-meters for on-the-go sensing and mapping of the location and intensity of hard pans arti-ficially formed in a soil bin was developed and...

The number and topographical distribution of photoreceptors was studied in whole-mounted retinas of Cebus apella. It was estimated a total of 48 million rods and 3.8 million cones. The average peak foveal cone density and the Nyquist Limit at the foveola were estimated as 169, 127 cells/mm(2) and 46.77+/-7.98 cyc/deg, respectively. A cone-enriched rim was found near the ora serrata, more notice...

Visual latency difference was determined directly in normal volunteers, using the rotating Pulfrich technique described by Nickalls [Vision Research, 26, 367-372 (1986)]. Subjects fixated a black vertical rod rotating clockwise on a horizontal turntable turning with constant angular velocity (16.6,33.3 or 44.7 revs/min) with a neutral density filter (OD 0.7 or 1.5) in front of the right eye. Fo...

We studied the morphology of bipolar cells in fixed vertical tissue sections of the rat retina by injecting the cells with Lucifer Yellow and neurobiotin. In addition to the rod bipolar cell, nine different putative cone bipolar cell types were distinguished according to the position of their somata in the inner nuclear layer and the branching pattern and stratification level of their axon term...

Verbal reports of loss of control and surrender to powerful visual changes, experienced during inversion of the visual world, seemed to be suggestive of changes in field dependence. Field dependence (rod-and-frame test vertical) was tested under conditions of inversion and noninversion. Significantly greater field dependence was observed for subjects exposed to complete inversion rotation of th...

Strong electrical dipole resonance (ER) with high quality-factor (Q) (over several thousands) in a simple silicon all-dielectric rod arrays without asymmetric structure is achieved in the near infrared (NIR) wavelength range. According to numerical simulations, strong high order ER is excited by vertical incident plane waves with electric fields polarized perpendicular to the rod instead of par...

Due to heterogeneous photoreceptor distribution, spatial location of stimulation is crucial to study visual brain activity in different light environments. This unexplored issue was studied through occipital event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded from 40 participants in response to discrete visual stimuli presented at different locations and in two environmental light conditions, low mesopic ...