Pulp and Periradicular Pathways 2 Natural Pathways 2 Apical foramen 2 Lateral canals 4 Dentinal tubules 4 Pathological and Iatrogenic Pathways 5 Dental caries 5 Role of microorganisms 6 Root perforations 7 Root perforations during access preparation 7 Root perforations during cleaning and shaping 8 Root perforations during post space preparations 10 Vertical fracture 10 Periradicular Pathosis 1...

AIM To determine whether patient age contributed to the fracture resistance of teeth subjected to root canal treatment and post placement. METHODOLOGY Forty-five single-rooted, single-canal human teeth were mounted, instrumented, obturated and prepared for a post. The teeth were divided into young (18 < or = age < or = 35) and old (60 < or = age) groups and subjected to cyclic loading until f...

introduction: vertical root fracture (vrf) is a complication which is chiefly diagnosed radiographically. recently, film-based radiography has been substituted with digital radiography. at the moment, there is a wide range of monitors available in the market for viewing digital images. the present study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of medical and conventi...

This paper is aimed to compare the effects of split-root procedures and bone removal procedures in the extraction of mandibular medial vertical impacted third molars. This was a prospective study conducted at the Department of Oral Surgery of the Chifeng College Affiliated Hospital on consecutive patients between January 2015 and December 2015. The study result showed that the operative time of...

INTRODUCTION Vertical root fracture (VRF) is the longitudinal fracture of the root in endodontically treated teeth. Considering the limitations of two-dimensional radiographic images in detection of VRF and introduction of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), this study was designed to find the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CBCT and periapical (PA) radiography in detection of VRFs. ...

To assess the diagnostic accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in comparison with conventional radiography for vertical root fractures, 50 of 100 teeth were subjected to vertical root fracture (VRF) and then placed in dry mandibles. 3D scans were obtained for all teeth, and conventional radiographs were used as control images. All the images were assessed by 6 observers, who determin...

bacterial leakage and root fractures are the most important reasons of root canal treatment failure. due to the lack of adhesion of gutta percha to the canal walls, resilon has been introduced as a root-filling material able to bond to the root walls. metal posts may predispose the tooth walls to oblique and vertical fracture which usually leads to tooth loss; whereas, fiber posts may reinforce...

introduction: the aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of hand and rotary instruments on fracture strength of tooth roots. materials & methods: thirty two teeth were randomly divided into two experimental groups of 15 each and one negative control group with two samples. in group 1, step-back technique with conventional stainless steel k-files was used, and in group 2, instrumen...