Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) is a cancer therapy utilizing lytic viruses that specifically target cells for elimination. In this relatively new therapy, two contradictory observations have been made. Some studies showed immune responses including activated natural killer (NK) post oncolytic viral infection increased the cell death, while others reported such initial diminished anti-tumor efficacy...

The combined antiretroviral therapy with interleukin (IL)-2 treatment may not be enough to preclude exceptionally high growth of HIV virus nor rebuilt the HIV-specific CD4 or CD8 T-cell proliferative immune response for management of HIV infected patients. Whether extra inclusion of immune therapy can induce the HIV-specific immune response and control HIV replication remains challenging. Here ...

ebola virus (ebov) is an enveloped virus including a negative single strand genome in its virion with cylindrical/tubular morphology. ebov is the causative agent of ebola virus disease (evd), which is also involved in the outbreak observed in central africa since 1976. evd is a complex zoonotic viral disease which is highly virulent in human. the transmission of ebola infection is not usually h...

background: in gene therapy, the use of rna molecules as therapeutic agents has shown advantages over plasmid dna, including higher levels of safety. however, transient nature of rna has been a major obstacle in application of rna in gene therapy. methods: here, we used the internal ribosomal entry site of encephalomyocarditis virus and the 3’ non-translated region of poliovirus to design an en...

background: sodium valproate (vpa), an anticonvalsant drug, has been reported to stimulate viral replication.  a combination therapy with vpa and acyclovir (acv) is used for the treatment of herpesvirus encephalitis, the commonest sporadic encephalitis of viral origin.   objective: to determine a possible interaction between vpa and acv leading to a modification of antiviral activity of acv.   ...

In patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a large amount of virus is associated with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in lymphoid tissue. To assess the influence of FDCs on viral dynamics during antiretroviral therapy we have developed a mathematical model for treatment of HIV-1 infection that includes FDCs. Here, we use this model to analyse measurements of HIV-1 ...

In patients infected with human immunode¢ciency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a large amount of virus is associated with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in lymphoid tissue. To assess the in£uence of FDCs on viral dynamics during antiretroviral therapy, we have developed a mathematical model for treatment of HIV-1 infection that includes FDCs. Here, we use this model to analyse measurements of HIV-1 d...

Viruses, and in particular, RNA viruses, dominate the WHO’s current list of ten global health threats. Of these, we review widespread most common HIV, influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2 infections, as well their possible prevention by vaccination treatments pharmacotherapeutic approaches. Beyond vaccination, discuss virus-targeting host-targeting drugs approved last five years, case one year, new drug...