In August 2019, a 4-km thick wildfire smoke layer was observed in the lower stratosphere over Leipzig, Germany, with ground-based multiwavelength Raman lidar. The identified by smoke-specific spectral dependence of extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) measured spaceborne CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) lidar CALIOP (Cloud–Aerosol Orthogonal P...

Strong ground motions induce large dynamic stress changes that may disturb the magma chamber of a volcano, thus accelerating the volcanic activity. An underground nuclear explosion test near an active volcano constitutes a direct treat to the volcano. This study examined the dynamic stress changes of the magma chamber of Baekdusan (Changbaishan) that can be induced by hypothetical North Korean ...

background one of the requirements of the osun state smoke-free legislation is to ensure smoke-free enclosed and partially enclosed workplaces. this survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of workers in indoor bars, beer parlors and discotheques to smoke-free legislation in general and the osun state smoke-free law in particular.   methods a convenience sampling of 36 hospital...

fresnel zone plate antenna (fzpa) was considered as a recieving antenna. an expression of electric field on axis of antenna produced by an incidente plane wave was found . the expression was used for calculation of gain, efficiency and optimum phase correcting function. several fzpa are fabricated and tested. experimental and theoretical results were compared and it was shown that there was a g...

To investigate the interactions of extensibility and parallelism in database query processing, we have developed a new dataflow query execution system called Volcano. The Volcano effort provides a rich environment for research and education in database systems design, heuristics for query optimization, parallel query execution, and resource allocation. Volcano uses a standard interface between ...

*Correspondence: Katharine Cashman, School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK e-mail: [email protected] An emerging challenge in modern volcanology is the apparent contradiction between the perception that every volcano is unique, and classification systems based on commonalities among volcano morphology and eruptive style. On the one hand, detailed stu...

[1] The 2002–2003 Mount Etna eruption and the associated deformation provide a unique possibility to study the relationships between volcanism and volcano instability. The sequence started with movement of the eastern volcano flank and was associated with earthquakes and the formation of surface ruptures. Then the eruption occurred from fissures at the north and south rift zones and was followe...