through a decree of imam khomeini, the jihad-e sazandegi organ was formed in 1979 with the aim of rebuilding rural regions and providing services to the deprived areas. initially, it was not thought the jihad to be also involved in uncivil activities as well, but with the beginning of the conflicts before the imposed war and then the war itself, the necessaries required this organization to do ...

this paper first focuses on the necessity of cooperation among human beings, and then offers objective and subjective reasons for higher cooperation among human beings compared to animals. the paper tries to proove that cooperation precedes war and is more normal than the latter. ln fact, the history of war and conflict both is shorter than the war in human societies, and more exceptional. war,...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness and specificity of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention after war. All students (n=2500) of six villages in Southern Lebanon designated as most heavily exposed to war received a classroom-based intervention delivered by teachers, consisting of cognitive-behavioural and stress inoculation training strategies. A random sample of tr...

All patients who suffered from the acute coronary syndrome in western Herzegovina over the fifteen year period (1987-2001) are included in this retrospective epidemiological study. The population that was undertaken by the study is relative stabile and did not emigrate during the war period. The study compared the time before the war (1987-1991), during the war (1992-1996) and after the war (19...

Background: Folk beliefs include myths, stories, poems, music, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs about luck and sore eyes, mother lullabies, indigenous carols, mirrors, rituals and traditions, and are always full of spirit. With tyranny and blackness and perseverance against oppression. The themes in the folk poems of Khuzestan about the war express the background of oral literatur...

The traditional theory of the just war comprises two sets of principles, one governing the resort to war ( jus ad bellum) and the other governing the conduct of war ( jus in bello). The two sets of principles are regarded, in Michael Walzer’s words, as “logically independent. It is perfectly possible for a just war to be fought unjustly and for an unjust war to be fought in strict accordance wi...

during the eight years of holy defense, the war supporting and engineering of jihad along with the iranian military forces (the army and irgc) participated in various operations and played a key role in defending the country.the review of jihad extensive activities in different operations offers a part of the untold history of the war to the researchers and interested in this area.the supply an...

economy as a basis of any society has an important function in breaking out, proceeding and termination of deferent wars. this principle is true about iran-iraq war. this essay in addition to explaining important indicators and factors affecting states economy in war period, tries to analyse deferent economies like us, japan, iraq and some others during world war ii. it also considers iran econ...